The Safeguarding Of Floating Female Labors’ Rights And Interests

Labor mobility is an inevitable choice of urbanization, and the floatingfemale labors are a special group of people generated in the process of urbanization. The double disadvantagesin identity and gender have pushed the safeguarding of their rights and interests into an awkward situation. As far as the local governance is concerned, the focus on the rights and interestsof the floatingfemale laborsis of great significance.Shanghai is the leaderof China’s Opening upandReform as well as one of the major inflows to China’s floating population. The statistics of "The Sixth Population Census"show that in 2010,the non-native female population in Shanghai reached 4,104,700. This dissertation selects Shanghai as an example, takes the safeguarding of non-native female labors’ rights and interests in Shanghaias a miniature of researching the issue of rights and intereststhat China’s floatingfemale laborshave encountered in the process of urbanization.This dissertationselects 1200 women as samples, through the form of questionnaires and site visits to understand the living conditions, employment status and rights protection situation of female laborswho come to Shanghai for working: those non-native female laborsin Shanghaiare generally informal employed, in lower employment levels, ill-paid, and meanwhile there are several labor rights and interests protectionproblems such as longer length of working hours, weak security awareness, low insurance levels, poor maternity protection etc and lacking in the health rights and interests protectionsuch as low participation rate in gynecological examination, less involved in family planning etc.This dissertationanalyzes these issues ofrights and interestsin-depth through the method of literature review and qualitative and quantitative analysis, in order to extract the cause of rights and interestsproblems of non-native female laborsin Shanghai. From the external perspective, the imbalanced development of gender; region and labors; the lack of maneuverability of relevant laws and regulations; the imperfectrelevant social security system; the seeking to maximize benefits of business owners; the lack of organizations of non-native female laborsin Shanghai. From the internal perspective, those non-native female laborsin Shanghai have weak consciousness of rights safeguarding and legal protection. The combination of both external and internal causes results in a predicament of the rights and interestsissues of non-native female laborsin Shanghai.In the end of this dissertation, it puts forward policy proposals on safeguarding the rights and interestsof floatingfemale labors respectivelyfrom the three levels of state, local governments and departments. From the national perspective, it is recommended to improve the legal protection of floatingfemale labors’ rights and raise the gender awareness of the society. From perspectiveof Shanghai, it is suggested to promote the employment of non-native female laborsin Shanghai; raise the proportion of insurednon-native female laborsin Shanghai; strengthening the grassroots organizations ofnon-native female laborsin Shanghaiby various means. From the perspectiveof departments, it is advised to promotethe development of domestic industry; strengthen the management and services of non-native female laborsin Shanghai in family planning; introduce "two diseases screening" project to non-native female laborsin Shanghai (cervical cancer and breast cancer); establish trade unions to help non-native female laborsin Shanghai to safeguard rights according to the law; and strengthen publicity to enhance self-protection awareness.