Study On The Compensatory Mark Adding Policy Of College Entrance Exam In The View Of Education Equity

Under the background of the scarce higher education resources in our country, higher education entrance opportunity belongs to quasi-public goods, which is competitive and repulsive. It means that one person’s access is another’s loss of admission. We can conclude the importance of the college entrance examination for Chinese students. However, the hard conditions of higher education access which is based on scores created a social environment like "Judge one’s success by scores", "one examination decides everything". It makes the college entrance examination system behind the seemingly fair not only lack for the care of the special talent and vulnerable group, but also unable to achieve substantive justice. The mark adding policy of college entrance examination is the compensation for disadvantaged groups and special immortal, its importance is self-evident. However, due to the faultiness of its design and implementation of supervision, the fraud and the rights-money-deal appear constantly. In 2010 and 2014, the ministry of education issued, respectively, “Notice about adjusting part of the mark adding policy of college entrance examination and further strengthen the management work” and “Opinion on further reduce and standardize the university entrance examination mark adding items and scores”, aiming to cutting back on the mark adding policy of college entrance examination and safeguard education fairness.The compensatory mark adding policy is aim to compensate the education of vulnerable groups, which is an effective way to pursue education fair. Therefore, we not only make deep analysis about the compensatory mark adding policy, but also discuss the value and value deviation. In addition, we put forward some suggestion on standardization of the compensatory mark adding policy. All of these contribute to the further expansion of theoretical study and the implementation of the specification. The policy analysis method, literature method and questionnaire method were used in the process of research.By using William Dunn’s policy analysis mode and Liu’s value analysis model, the compensatory mark adding policy of college entrance examination was analyzed. Based on the William Dunn’s policy analysis model, the research content was divided into three parts: fact analysis, value analysis and normative analysis. Moreover, value analysis about the compensatory mark adding policy was carried out by using Liu’s model.By combing the literature and compensating the compensatory mark adding policy, fact analysis on the policy were carried out from the micro and macro aspects. The policy characteristics can be concluded as follow. Firstly, the compensatory mark adding policy is in constant development, and the adding score items and objects are gradually increasing. Secondly, the compensatory mark adding policy is on the way toward maturity and normalization. Lastly, adding score items and objects reduction is the development trend.Using Liu’s value analysis model, from the value selection, legitimacy and validity to analysis the compensatory mark adding policy of college entrance examination’ value, and using the questionnaire to further analysis the reasons of value deviation: root cause is the shortage of education resources; the direct cause is the college entrance examination system’s ills; In the aspect of making, diversification of makers cause the adding score items increasing, and the process of the policies setting up is lack of legal basis and opaque; the policy system is defective; In the aspect of supervising the implement, policy execution have no relevant legal basis and lack of supervision mechanism.On the basis of the fact analysis and value analysis, conducting theoretical thinking from three aspects of the compensatory mark adding policy of college entrance examination——the rational thinking, the complementary mechanism and the exit mechanism. Based on the cause of the emergence of value deviation and the questionnaire survey to the public and interest groups, providing practical strategies to the implementation specification of the compensatory mark adding policy of college entrance examination from three aspect: From the aspect of formulation,the Ministry of Education should develop the compensatory mark adding policy of college entrance examination, specify the laws and regulations of points project and formulate special formulation process, and increase the openness and transparency; From the aspect of the design of the system, we should specify the bonus objects and unify adding amplitude; From the aspect of supervision mechanism, we should perfect execution mechanism, put an end to education corruption and improve the supervising mechanism in the process of execution, so that we can analyze the compensatory mark adding policy of college entrance examination and answer the compensatory mark adding policy of college entrance examination "what it should be".