Hate-envy Interweave:Interpretation Of The Voice About The Imperial Examinations Around 1905

The imperial examination, once a belief of the Chinese nation, made our Chinese people has a national character that accumulate richly and break forth vastly. The imperial examination had been a custom from certificating bachelor by testing to forming a system. It also had created a kind of cultural atmosphere and psychological schemata in the ancient China. Various groups of Chinese who want to achieve their purposes whether they are just or evil and mastermind the imperial examination with painstaking efforts, regarding it as an instrument. In the late Qing dynasty when the current situation was severe, the abolition of imperial examination was treated as the breakthrough of the revitalization of the country. The agitation and contradiction caused by it is self-evident, so there is some space and necessity for further study.We analyze the history of the "voice" on the occasion of the abolition of the imperial examination based on more than 100 original documents from the late Qing dynasty and the Republic of China journal full-texts, and try to explore how the abolition starts, develops and goes to the end. And how does the subsequent history evaluate? What’s the opinion of the public? Who said it and why? We aim at finding out the psychological secrets behind behaviors.According to the development of the abolition of the imperial examination chronologically, we sort out various kinds of complex viewpoints, such as "changing, abolishing, rebuilding", and point out that their standpoints are quite different. The holders of "changing" advocated that it should change slowly and just make the content adjust. The holders of "abolishing" emphasized that the imperial examination decayed, blocked the development of school and was difficult to adjust to the times. We find the most important thing is that the voices against the imperial examination were intertwined with hatred and envy. People who voiced were full of contradictions and complicated emotions, accompanied with psychological contradictions caused by strong nationalism. As a result, each argument of the "voice" is filled with very strong emotional color. The hatred and love which were passed on to the imperial examination are due to the envy and hatred to the enemy. In addition, we also review the causes of the abolition of the imperial examination system, the problems of "the imperial examination exhausting" and the relationship between imperial examination and schools to enlighten the examinees who are still staying with the "hate-envy interweave".