Mechanism Research On The NGOs’ Participation In The Governance Of The Sudden Natural Disasters

Since ancient times, various natural disasters have continued harassment of us, and threw a great threat to our life,which can be described as "the Millennium disaster, the Millennium pain." Although, currently, we are in the extreme age of advanced science and technology, but this reality has not fundamentally changed. These sudden natural disasters have brought great challenges to the countries all over the world owing to the high frequency of occurrence, the complex form of appearance and the difficulty to response.Government, as the main manager of social affairs, should give full play to its leading role in responding to natural disasters when faced with them,but the fact is that government have become increasingly powerless facing with these sudden events and resources that are put in to cope with them haven’t transformed into effective governance outcomes in the real world,therefore a new governance path needs to be worked out as single main government body model has lapsed. With the rise of civil society, the concept of "small government, big society" increasingly popular, while various NGOs with their own unique advantages actively participate in the governance of complex social affairs, especially in the governance of sudden natural disasters such as earthquakes, floods, tsunamis and so on. The NGOs can immediately participate in the process of disaster governance, which greatly improves the efficiency of disaster governance, controls casualties and losses to a minimum,and also create conditions for comprehensive governance by government departments.It is,however,not difficult to see, China’s non-governmental organizations are restricted by many external or internal factors and faced with many difficulties when involving in the process of disaster governance, if they are not well resolved, the NGOs’advantages will not full exert.This study includes six parts.The first part is an introduction, which is to introduce the background,significance,a review of relevant research at home and abroad,research methods and ideas and possible innovation of this article.The second part is mainly discoursing the theoretical basis and related concepts:firstly,explain the main concepts like non-governmental organizations, natural disasters and so on based on the analysis of some literature references, then explain the"synergy theory "and"governance theory"that support the article,and at the same time,analyzed the relevance with the focus of this article.The third part is situation analysis,which is to summarize the current status of China’s NGOs’participation in the governance of the sudden natural disasters by collating and analyzing major cases between 2008 to 2013:first of all.summarize the development process of China’s NGOs’participation in the governance of the sudden natural disasters from the longitudinal dimension,then conclude the current situation of NGOs’participation in the governance of the sudden natural disasters by analyzing areas of involvement,participation characteristics and participation advantages.The forth part is predicament analysis/which is to reveal problems and plight of NGOs’ participation in the governance of the sudden natural disasters based on the case analysis in third part.The fifth part is an introduction of foreign experience,which is to draw lessons from foreign NGOs’participation in the governance of the sudden natural disasters,and summarize the common characteristics of them in this regard,then striving to provide useful lessons for us.The last part are countermeasures,given the facts that the deficiencies and difficulties exist in the process of NGOs’participation in the governance of the sudden natural disasters,probe the participatory mechanisms based on the successful experience of foreign NGOs from both the macro level (updating legislative concepts and improving the legislation system)and the micro level(reconstruction of systems or mechanisms).Possible innovation of this paper is in three aspects. Firstly, it is the innovation of theoretical analysis tools. Current researches often use governance theory as the main theoretical basis,but this study has creatively introduced synergy theory as the main analysis tool.Secondly,it is the innovation of research method.This study adopts group case study based on the data of 60 "top ten natural disasters"from 2008 to 2013.Thirdly,it is the innovation of countermeasures.Explore the mechanism of NGOs’participation in the governance of the sudden natural disasters from the micro perspective of the Synergy theory.