| "Difference on Natural Philosophy between Democritus and Epicurean" is the "dissertation" of Marx when applied for PhD Degree, written from the second half of1840to March1841. At that time of writing "doctoral dissertation", Marx was in the active influence by Youth Hegelian as a key member of "Dr. club". Marx’s PhD "dissertation", as Marx’s representative masterpiece in Hegelians period, is an important research result of Marxist philosophy. Therefore, his "doctoral dissertation" necessarily reflects the close relationship between his thoughts and Hegelians. In this paper, Marx’s "doctoral dissertation" were analyzed and deeply studied, and focused on explanation of the philosophy relationship between his thoughts and Hegelians.The introduction part describes the cause and significance of this topic, and the current research status, and explain the entry point and research focus based on Marx’s "doctoral dissertation". The first chapter is the relationship between writing background of "doctoral dissertation" and Hegelians, including academic background, topic determination and preparation work. Academic background includes self-conscious philosophy, philosophy and religion as well as critical thinking and political reality. Topic determination includes influence of Hegelians on Greek philosophy, as well as clarification on the situation of contemporary Post-Hegelian philosophy."Notes on the philosophy of Epicurus" and "Berlin notes" are the preparation work of Marx for his "doctoral dissertation".The second chapter focuses on the relationship between the content of his "doctoral dissertation" and Youth Hegelians, including self-awareness, atheism and freedom, which is also the key chapter of this paper. In this chapter, philosophy of self-consciousness, atheism and freedom from Youth Hegelian and Marx’s "doctoral dissertation" were introduced respectively. For the third chapter, inheritance from Hegelians and innovation of Marx’s philosophy. Inheritance includes four aspects:"self-awareness is the origin of world", the initiative principle, the freedom inspiration and contradiction dialectics. Innovation contains four points:"from idealism to realism", self-consciousness of Marx, Marx’s concept of freedom and the transcendence on Powell idea. |
