The Tang Dynasty Guanzhong Area Study Of Buddhist Stone Carving Art Of Hanbaiyu

Hanbaiyu is the white marble with pure white color, hard texture and aesthetic impression of jade, which has been being recommended by the royal nobles to decorate the royal palaces and temples. However, Buddhist sculptures of Hangbaiyu texture are the exquisite sculptures among Buddhist sculptures. As Buddhism was brought into China, Buddhist sculptures was confronted with the magnificent development. In Wei, Jin and the Northern and Southern Dynasties, Buddhist sculptures started to be carved. In Sui and Tang Dynasties, the climates of the Northern and Southern Dynasties were inherited and various large sculpture grottos and temples were constructed. In the Chang’an City of Tang Dynasty alone, more than a thousand temples existed. As the capital of Tang Dynasty, Chang’an was the national political center. With the frequently cultural communication, Guanzhong Area became the national Buddhist center. Therefore, the large scale and quantity of Buddhist sculptures in Guanzhong Area in Tang Dynasty were unprecedented. With the constant improvement of proficient craftsmen’s construction skills and technical means as well as the application of high- level textures, the Buddhist sculptures in Tang Dynasty were able to be developed unprecedentedly to form the unique Buddhist style of Tang Dynasty. The sculptures of Hanbaiyu Buddhist sculptures in Tang Dynasty were with the maximum quantity and extremely high artistic quality. Most of the Hanbaiyu Buddhist sculptures in Guanzhong Area in Tang Dynasty were single sculptures, with different sculpture styles, enshrined in royal temples and the worship objects for the nobles in Tang Dynasty. From the current excavated sculptures in Guangzhong Area, Buddhist Tantrism sculptures excavated from Anguo Temple site in Xi’an, the sculpture of Medicine Buddha excavated from Taiping Temple site in Linyou and the sculpture of G uanyin Bodhisattva excavated from Jinglongchi in Xi’an etc. are able to be seen. In addition, other shapes of Hangbaiyu sculptures are separately distributed in city protected historic sites such as Xi’an Forest of Stone Steles Museum, Xi’an Museum and Xi’an Administration of Cultural Relics.This project conducts overall statistics on the Hanbaiyu Buddhist sculptures of Guanzhou Area in Tang Dynasty and selects the representative basic sculpture styles of Hanbaiyu Buddhist sculptures in Tang Dynasty excavated from different areas such as Anguo Temple site in Xi’an, Taiping Temple site in Linyou and Huoshaozhai site in Long County to analyze and research on the aspects such as the sculpt, face, costume and carving methods of Buddhist sculptures successively by means of illustrations. After reading abundant historical records and field surveys on each large site museum, the paper summarizes the sculpt characteristics and aesthetics characteristics of Hanbaiyu Buddhist sculpture in Guangzhong Area in Tang D ynasty, preliminarily reveals the aesthetical standards and artistic values of Buddhist sculptures in the splendid Tang Dynasty.