Research On The Sympathizing Policy Of The Northern Wei Dynasty

After tortuous development, Tuo Ba Xian Bei unified northern China, and established the Northern Wei Dynasty, which lasted one and a half century. The Northern Wei Dynasty was a distinct stage in the history of China, which was the first unified regime established by a minority, but deeply affected by Chinese culture. The scope of its domination mainly distributed on the Yellow River basin, when many kinds of crisis were very serious. However,during the reign of the Dynasty, economy and culture were under a larger advance, which laid a certain foundation in response to the crisis.Under normal society, the government often observed the public feeling and took exemption from tax corves, bestow grain, textiles, land, opening relief poor and other measures to help the poor survive in view of the poor living conditions, and took similar initiatives to widows and the needy. The government also advocated pitying, resting and respecting the elderly. Meanwhile, pregnant and rehabilitate person also can obtain different forms of compensation. In addition, the Northern Wei Dynasty government also given an honorary sticks, punished corrupt officials, improved social customs and formulated laws to cope with various crises indirectly. Overall, during of the dynasty, the geographical scope of being sympathize was very wide, involving large areas of today’s provinces of Beijing, Shanxi, Hebei and Inner Mongolia.Affected by the environment, geographic problem and a special historical period, natural disastrous and war were very serious, which had led to the loss of population and production industry during the dynasty. At the same time, this had also blocked the progress of the society. In order to handle the crisis, the government also took a lot of social assistance. In response to natural disasters, the government mainly took many measures, such as opening relief, giving clothes and food, reducing tax-free and so on. During the postwar, government also took the similar measures to return to normal, especially, the social status of disabled soldiers was improved by giving the rank, even the victims were also treated well, such as burying dry bones, giving funeral expenses, etc.Compared with the social assistance of other countries by Xianbei and countries by other minority during the period of Sixteen Kingdoms, the sympathizing policy of Northern Wei Dynasty had experienced from scratch development process, which become an indelible mark in the history of China’s sympathizing policy. As a regime by minority, its implementation of social relief measures was closely related to the Central Plains culture, which was a reflection of national integration and was also the important factors to promote the further development of national integration. The sympathizing policy of the Northern Wei Dynasty attained good result and stabilized the society. Its characteristics of long time, wide area and multi-mode profoundly impacted on the later dynasties, which played an important role in the development of sympathizing policy of China.