Research On Schopenhauer’s Theory Of Happiness

From the end of eighteenth Century to the beginning of nineteenth Century, Germany faced a huge social change, the whole of Germany was enveloped in a dark and painful atmosphere, the contradiction between capitalism and the feudal regime is deepening. From the classical philosophy of Germany to the development of the classical philosophy of Germany to the peak of Hagel, the classical philosophy to the rational guidance of the role of the people. Arturo Schopenhauer will philosophy of the pioneers, advocated the essence is the will. In Schopenhauer’s eyes, rationalism is hypocritical optimism, people should pay more attention to their own value, and create a precedent for the modern western humanism philosophy. At the same time, Schopenhauer’s thought contains the affirmation of the will to survive, the pursuit of beauty and the reality of pain relieve and the development of the contemporary society still has reference significance.The first part of this paper analyzes the social background and theoretical origin of Schopenhauer’s thought. In the middle of the nineteenth Century, German social contradictions were sharp, economic backwardness, political corruption, social order and moral standards were widely questioned. It is in this situation that Schopenhauer absorbs the essence of Platon and Kant’s theory, and combines the philosophy of India and the Christian theory to raise the banner of non rationalism.The second part discusses the theoretical basis of Schopenhauer’s theory of happiness. By establishing the absolute position of the will, the world is not only the representation of my world, but also my will, will is the basis of the world, and establish the theory foundation of will. And based on this the pain of outlook on life, the pain is accompanied by original sin, is eternal, concrete, is the destiny of man. Life wandering between pain and boredom, always by the desire of the control, with a strong pessimism.The third part of the paper discusses the content and characteristics of Schopenhauer’s theory of happiness. Schopenhauer put all of life’s pain are attributed to life will, is the desire of endless that life itself is a kind of blind impulse caused by the desire for its lack of. The lack of never stop or disappear, any one to meet the needs of the relief is on the basis of the short, not real existence, and only the lack of pain will always exist. Desire brings physical and psychological pain, people all the time in the struggle with the desire, will, death and pain, but all in vain. People are selfish in nature, the pursuit of the enjoyment of the senses and external utilitarian, willing to be enslaved and driven by the will. "One’s own", "people have the representation", "people show the appearance" are in effect definition of happiness, money, fame, status, health and virtue are the object of desire are put forward according to the true happiness can only endure in life. The path to happiness of life is the artistic creation, philosophical inquiry and asceticism in three ways. Artistic creation and philosophical inquiry is to temporarily will escape, asceticism is a fundamental denial of the will. Schopenhauer’s theory of happiness has the characteristics of five aspects, namely voluntarism, pessimism, romantic, asceticism and real feelings.The fourth part through of Schopenhauer’s happiness on the nature of the overview and analysis, dialectical view of Schopenhauer’s theory of the progress and limitations, and combined with the reality of the society, to a series of problems in the course of social development derived inspiration. Schopenhauer affirmed the key role of human factors on the well-being, but also pointed out that Schopenhauer ignored the social and historical nature, with a strong pessimism and the idea of the fate of the obstacles to bring people. By the analysis of evaporation, it is concluded that under the current social situation, be happy to adhere to face the pain, resist the lure of the material, pay attention to the inherent, reduce happiness and is expected to maintain a moderate and the concept of reasonable desire certainly.In the 21 st century, modern society is facing a dramatic transformation, people’s ideas and spiritual world are experiencing huge impact, Schopenhauer’s pessimism happiness theory is based on the changeable social phenomenon and provide unique mode of thinking to solve prominent social problems, avoid impetuous, excessive pursuit of material, has important implications for the construction of the social moral and the construction of a harmonious society.