The Construction Of Self-compassion Questionnaire And The Relationship Between Self-compassion And Moral Disengagement

Self-compassion is that someone can understand, tolerant, and accept himself unconditionally. He doesn’t avoid the pain he suffered, instead he has courage to face his own shortcomings and defects, and thinks of these as a common experience of mankind. He can accept himself in an open mind and tolerant attitude, so he can alleviate the suffering and perfect himself. To sum up, self-compassion is to accept whoever is not perfect. In recent years, there are a lot of researches on self-compassion. However, there is no research about self-compassion in morality area. This research is about the relationship between self-compassion and moral disengagement. Moral disengagement refers to specific cognitive tendencies, which include redefine their actions to make it seem less harmful, to minimize the consequences of their own behavior in responsibility and reduce the recognition with suffering people.Currently, self-compassion measuring tools are widely used, but there is no specific measurement tools for junior high school students. One purpose of this study was to develop the self-compassion of the junior high school students, that is, in order to understand the characteristics of junior high school students, to provide a theoretical basis and measurement tools for the junior high school education about self-compassion, to rich the theory of sympathy field. The second purpose is to explore the relationship between self-compassion and moral disengagement with a questionnaire prepared by myself.On the basis of theoretical study in home and foreign country, combined with the investigation of open-ended questionnaire and interview results, the author designed initial Self-compassion Questionnaire for junior high school students in our country. In order to examine again, the questionnaire was sent to tutor and the graduate students in this field. According to this modal, the author created an initial Self-compassion Questionnaire. Then the Self-compassion Questionnaire and the Moral Disengagement Questionnaire were used together. After that, the formal questionnaire’s reliability and validity were tested through many ways and showed out the characteristics of junior high school students’ self-compassion.The relationship between self-compassion and moral disengagement could be tested in this process too.Research conclusions are as follows:(1) Self-compassion Questionnaire is composed by 4 dimensions: correct understanding, emotional care, self-control and positive behavior.(2) Concordance coefficient and split-half coefficient were used to test reliability of the questionnaire. The results show that these coefficients meet the criterion of psychometrics, which indicate of the questionnaire has a good reliability.(3) Structure validity, criterion validity and content validity were used to test validity of the questionnaire. The correlation coefficient between each factor and the sum of questionnaire was more than 0.5, which shows that all elements can reflect exactly what the questionnaire aims to survey.Confirmatory factor analysis also shows that all indexes meet standards of psychometrics, which indicates that the questionnaire has good structure validity. The use of "Adolescent Students’ Life Satisfaction Scale" as a criterion verify the junior high school students, Self-compassion Questionnaire has good criterion validity. In addition, content validity analysis was verified by the experts shows that the questionnaire can reflect the true situation of our junior students. So this questionnaire also has good content validity.(4) The four dimensions of Self-compassion Questionnaire exist significant gender differences, girls scored significantly higher than boys; in the dimension of correct understanding, the third grade students scored significantly higher than the first grade and the second grad, but there was no significant difference between the first and second grade students; and there was no significant differences in singletons and origin of student.(5) The seven dimensions of Moral Disengagement Questionnaire exist significant difference between sex, origin of student, but there was no significant difference between grades and singletons.(6) It is shown that there is negative correlation between self-compassion and moral disengagement, and the self-compassion can forecast the level of moral disengagement.