The Emergence And Development Of Zhang Ku Avenue And Historical Role

In recent years, along with the people of the silk road and the deepening of the maritime silk route study, from zhangjiakou to kulun the grasslands of the silk road is also more and more get people’s attention. Zhang Ku avenue from the city of zhangjiakou, beyond the Great Wall to the Mongolian prairie heartland city ulan bator(then called cullen), and extended to the Russia trade marketing line of horses, more than 1400 km, is a "silk road in the north," said the ancient trade. Zhang Ku avenue has a long history, it began in the Ming sheng in qing dynasty, from the republic of China, is known as "prairie, the silk road" and the "path to grassland tea", both at home and abroad have important political, economic and cultural influence and status in history. Zhang Ku prosperous achievements in zhangjiakou avenue, zhangjiakou thus become a commercial center in the north of China, even in the national economy.This article will combine historical literatures and archaeological remains of Zhang Ku avenue to study the emergence, development and historical role.The first part is the Zhang Ku avenue. Historical background, historical roots of Zhang Ku avenue and the formation of Mongolian station were discussed in detail,and about the in zhangjiakou city on the grassland culture and farming culture nodes and zhangjiakou cultural relic reflects the importance of grassland culture and farming culture communication and integration are discussed.The second part is the formation of Zhang Ku avenue. Fort source formation and the formation of large entry door opening for Zhang Ku avenue played an important role. For Zhang Ku avenue has several views, the route of the academia and the focus of this section is from literatures and archaeological survey lines to confirm Zhang Ku avenue.The third part to the trade development of Zhang Ku avenue. This part focuses on the Wan Licha Zhang Ku avenue and Wan Licha line of the road in the road. Wan Licha starting point of the road are introduced respectively, henan, shanxi, Inner Mongolia and the important role of zhangjiakou in tea road, and the latter at the historical role and Wan Licha Zhang Ku avenue road discussed in detail.The fourth part for Zhang Ku avenue trade flourish. Introduces trade thriving Zhang Ku avenue, point to a few of jin merchants on the sheep hole by tea factory,and each year the number of tea production to illustrate the prosperous. Port of hankou the Oriental tea was introduced in detail, with the foreign firm and tea toillustrate the trade flourished.The fifth part several causes of decline Zhang Ku avenue were described in detail.For example: water transportation reduces the cost; The trans-siberian railway was open to traffic; The influence of the Russian "October revolution"; The British open a tea factory in India and so on. The impact of Zhang Ku avenue, make originally backward mode of transportation of slowly withdraw from the stage of history.The sixth is divided into Zhang Ku avenue historical role. Zhang Ku very important avenue, the central plains in China and Mongolia, played a significant role in the economic development of Russia’s Siberia area; China’s tea culture influence the world; At the same time also contributed to zhangjiakou this important city in the north.