A Study Of Imperative Sentence In Yuankan Zaju Sanshizhong

Based on the vocabulary and grammatical meaning of the marked words, the imperative sentences in Yuankan Zaju Sanshizhong(hereinafter referred Zaju) can be divided into three parts: using verb as the tag, using adverb as the tag and using sentence-ending modal particle as the tag. This paper is analyzing and describing it carefully from syntax,semantics and pragmatics three aspects.According to the lexical meaning of the marked verb, the verb-marked Imperatives in Zaju can be divided into using the begging verb as tag, using the directional verb as tag, using the causative verb as tag and using auxiliary verb as tag four kinds. The syntactic structure of it is various, and takes “(S)VOVP” as the basic structure. The S is flexible,and can be appeared or implicit, can be the first-person pronouns or the second-person singular. The VP can be a pure verb or verbal components,such as verb-object phrase, complement phrases, etc. In these imperativesentences, using begging verb as tag represents the largest proportion.Based on the vocabulary meaning of the tag adverb, the Imperatives marked with adverb can be divided into negative adverb as markers, with certain adverbs as the marker, marked with time adverbs and modal adverbs marked with four kinds. Among them, the negative adverb as markers takes a absolutely advantage place, and Imperative Sentence marked with “Xiu1(休 1)” occupies a considerable proportion in number.In end modal particles marked Imperative Sentence,according to the modal particles in the order of time,the Sentence can be divided into“Zhe(者)”,“Zhe(着)”marked Imperatives and“Zan(�'�)”,“Xiu2(休2)”,“Ba(罢)”,“Bo(波)”,“Bianliao(便了)”mark of the Imperative for the two periods,the former is Tang and Five Dynasty emerged modal,the latter is emerging in Song and Yuan Dynasties.In pragmatic function, the verb-marked Imperative is mainly responsible for requesting, can also be able to undertaking command and advice pragmatic function. With adverb marked Imperative undertakes the forbidden, command pragmatic function. Interjections with marked Imperative, is mainly responsible for the recommendations, advice and avoid pragmatic function.