The Research Of Controversial Words And Sentences In Guoyu

This paper focuses on controversial sentences in Guoyu and takes the method of combining the modern linguistics study with the traditional philology, pho nology, exegesis to do the investigation.In the actual study, we mainly aim at these three kinds of problems, which are version compilation, dubious pauses of sentences and controversial analysis of some words.During the research we firstly select the appropriate entry point on textual an d pay attention to the scientific research conclusion in phonology, exegesis,as well as ensure reliable basic research materials in order to get scientific resea rch conclusion.Secondly, according to the lexical and syntactic language pheno menon in each question sentence, we combine analysis with description on modern linguistic theories.Specifically,to insist three principles and one standar d,they are sociality, historic and systematicness,and " the same structure at the same period" standard.Meanwhile using the modern computer corpus technology and some basic methods of statistics, in the contemporary texts one by one with documentary evidence of the structure, the selection of final eligible corp us, it details textual research,trace ability, parallelism of induction, and combin es with general linguistics, the grammar history of Chinese, lexicology and rel evant theory to analyze its actual usage and collocation.On the basis of the a nalysis and research concluded through modern science and linguistics theory testing and comparison of the scientific conclusion.In the chapter of discrimination about version, three question sentences were e xamined, in the sentence 2.1 "不可以封国", "国" isn’t after "封", and "封" is a verb;2.2 In the sentence"是故稷为天官", "天官" should to be "大官";2.3"是故稷为天官" in "云" is out of order,and when we make sure of the situati on of "云",we can get the right sentence"若无天乎?若云有,天吾必胜之".Fo r example,whether "国" is connected with"不可以封".Both the Mingdao and G ongxu versions are"不可以封国".Through the textual research, we concluded t hat "国" is a redundant word, specific textual research is as follows: We sear ch from the corpus 239 cases, on the basis of the analysis of the corpus of "不可以 ~",using forms are"不可以+ V(+ N)/VP" "不可以 + Adv. + V" "不可以 +无 + N""不可以 +不/弗+ V" "不可以+ 莫 + 之 + V", then we can fi nd that there must be a verb behind"不可以 ~".But at the same time texts "封国" is a noun.So it isn’t in conformity with the sentence features of "不可以~".To Yu Yue "不可以封" and "不可以国"can coexist.But we scour several classics at the same time, 1545 cases of "国", only1 case in the context of special used as a verb, all the rest of is used as a noun.By the sociality of l anguage, "不可以 ~" is not up to the language conditions.In the chapter "sentences and phrases," we examine six punctuate controversialsentences,drawing to the conclusion as follows:3.1 "夫战,刑也,刑之过也过由大,而怨由细" 3.2 "臧文仲欲以辞告,病焉。"3.3 "今晋国之方偏侯也。" 3.4 吾谁使先?若夫二公子而立之。"3.5 "苟众不说,其君之不报也则有辞矣。"3.6 "既其葬也,焚,烟彻于上".Only taking "臧文仲欲以辞告病焉" as an example to analysis the method.About this question, we first prove that contemporary classics how "以"match " 告 ",then we can know " 以 ~ 告 ~" followed by an object to tell the content.Both can flip and also can be omitted.If the object of "告"connect a third party, use "于".On the basis of the analysis of sentence patterns, combining with the context,the analysis of sentence expression effect and the perspective of discourse analysis, it is concluded that "臧文仲以辞告,病焉" is punctuate correctly,and is more suitable to the language environment.This sentence of textual research and analysis is also strictly comply with the above two principles.In the chapter four we examine some controversial key words in seven sentences.They are 4.1" 险 "in the sentence"夫事君者险而不怼,怨而不怒", it is jesuitry. 4.2"谪" in "步言视听,必皆无谪" is a noun,and means mistake and fault;4.3" 汨 "in"决汨九川" and "汨越九原" are different in these two sentences, the former means excavate, the latter means govern;4.4 " 干 "in " 若 干 二 命, 以 求 杀 予 " means participate, and "二命"shouldn’t to be "上命";4.5"鲜" in "夫人知极,鲜有慢心,虽其慢,乃易残也" means rarely,and "鲜有"should be"鲜不有";4.6"斟酌" in"而后王斟酌焉" should be a dual tone words, and the meaning has been associated with the abstract thinking activity;4.7"旅" in "政不旅旧,则民不偷" use as a verb in the sentence,and means to be an army.Therefore, we adhere to the " the same structure at the same period" principle and the three properties of language,the research method is used throughout t he whole.The subject of closely combining the tradition with modern, both ca n expand linguistic research field and inject new vitality in collating ancient b ooks.Communication contributes to achieve win-win on the both subjects.