A Study Of The Relationships Among Turnover Intention And Burnout, Resilience Of Special Education Teachers

In recent years, the Ministry of Education make a explicit request on the development of special education by developing "Long-term Education Reform and Development Plan (2010-2020)" and "Special Education Enhancement Program (2014-2016) " which is developed with China Disabled Persons’Federation and other departments to promote the development of special education. As a performer, special education teacher should be the key factor,which could determine the success of special education.However, due to the special nature of educational object, special teacher is hard to experience job satisfaction and a sense of achievement, but easy to lose enthusiasm and interest of work and have a feelings of burnout, such as emotional alienation and apathy. The appearance of burnout will make special education teacher can’t concentrate on their work, some special education teachers even want to turnover. If we can not take effective measures to change this situation, it will affect not only the teaching performance and relationships of special education teachers, but also the future development of special education. Researchers believe that resilience can promote individual active adaption and development in the adversity state, through mobilize internal and external resources of individuals. Therefore, this article explores the relationships among burnout resilience and turnover intention of special education teacher, and make a suggestion to relieve the burnout of special education teacher burnout and decrease turnover intention from the perspective of resilience.The main purpose of this study is to know the general situation of burnout, resilience and turnover intention special education teachers, to explore the relationship among the three variables. The study take 207 special education teachers from Guangdong Province as the survey sample, using Maslach Burnout Inventory-Educators Survey (MBI-ES) made by Maslach, Resilience Scale for Adults developed by Friborg, the turnover inventory made by Farh and self-made demographic variables questionnaire to investigate, using the SPSS 19.0 statistical analysis tools to analysis relationships among variables by descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis, results are as follows:The burnout of special education teachers have significant difference in education, professional background, educational object, lesson amount, whether have a establishment or not and reward satisfaction; resilience of special education teachers has a significant difference only on the age, the turnover intention of special education teachers only have a significant difference on professional background, education object, whether have a establishment or not, as well as reward satisfaction.There is a significant positive correlation among special education teacher’s job burnout and turnover intention, resilience has a significant negative correlation with emotional exhaustion and low achievement, which is dimensions of job burnout. Resilience can play as a negative regulatory role in the relationship between burnout and turnover intention. Through analysis and discussion, the conclusions of this study are as follows:1,the turnover intention of special education teachers will stronger, when burnout at a high level. Teachers who have high level of resilience will experience less burnout and weak turnover intention.2, when special education teachers experience burnout, we could reduce the intensity of turnover intention by increasing the level of resilience.According to the conclusions above, this study presents the following recommendations:Firstly, the special education teachers should develop their positive good attitude, enhance self-efficacy, seek support from family actively when in trouble, using reasonable method to catharsis emotion appropriately.Secondly, the special education school should organize psychological group counseling activities for teachers regularly, help teachers to catharsis negative emotion under professionals’ guidance.Thirdly, the administrative departments should strengthen the cultivation and the career training for special education teachers, and improve treatment of special education teachers appropriately and attract talented people to enter the industry.Finally, the society should give more understanding and respect to special education teachers improve their social status. Parents of special children also need to cooperate with the work of teachers actively.