| False biography is a style for writing about objects, mixed with the historical biography, fables and novels during it, fuses literatis’creation idea and social ideal. It originated Han Yu’s "Mao Ying Chuan" in Tang Dynasty, through the continuous development and differentiation of Song and Yuan Dynasties, entered the prosperous period in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, finally after the decline of flash in the pan in the Republic of China. The research category of this thesis is false in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including historical evolution, men’s selection, ideological content, artistic features.The introduction part analysis of false biography is how to originate the main characteristics of Tang and Songyuan Dynasties, then comes to its great prosperity gradually by tracing back to the development situation of false biography before Ming Dynasty.In addition, the author focuses on the direct literature of the false biography in Ming and Qing Dynasties, discusses the false biography on the research achievements at home and abroad, and theoretical and practical significance.The first chapter is the men’s selection of false biography’s in Ming and Qing Dynasties, for the purpose of classification about men, comparison of similarities and differences between Ming and Qing Dynasties and privious biography. Because scholars of each class in Ming and Qing Dynasties writes biographies in droves, the rapid development of the printing industry survived the large number of works, so we can see their species rich in varieties, includes natural scenery and eating utensils, the human organ and abstract things. Some men appeared together in the Ming and Qing Dynasties and the former, with the different times, they have to changed to retain the original features at the same time.The second chapter is the ideological content of the false biography in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the author takes the social background and the life experience as the starting point, summaries into three aspects:first, telling about the strategy of governing the country, narrative as the minister of truth; second, criticizing the political affairs, reflecting the people’s livelihood mood; third, pay attention to moral cultivation, expressing random thoughts of life. These ideological content not only bearing the authors’ good self expectations and the social ideal, but also reflecting the political gain and loss of society during the two dynasties, it has important historical value.The third chapter is the artistic features of the false biography in Ming and Qing Dynasties, the author discusses the style and structure, fable features and description. First of all, title, writing pattern, single and combined structure adopt historical styles, and adding a series of group biography models. Secondly, false biography draws fable creation experience, its character image, abstract way and moral analysis with all the characteristics of fable. Finally, the authors inherited the long-standing literary idea of "writing for history" and "writing for humor", use the four main descript ways of parody, illusion, personification, allusion to fabricate real and imaginary world with stories, so as to forms a narrative style of serious and facetious at the same time.The conclusion part elaborates the significance of false biography in Ming and Qing Dynasties and the influence on the Republic of China. The theme and form of false biography have a breakthrough in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, it also provides trying and recreating opportunities for many literatis, hears from the compilation and publication of false biographical essays. At the same time, the limitations such as the similar features, lack of value, single writing skills also come into clearly. Even so, it still provides valuable research for posterity, and influences the literature creation of false biography in the Republic of China. |
