Risky Choice And Self-frame Effect In Different Groups—Inter Group And Out Group

Since the frame effect put forward, a large number of scholars have done intensive research on it. Frame effect has always been a hotspot issue in the field of decision making. A lot of research have been done such as Verify the universality of frame effect in different situation, discuss the factors what have influencing to it and find it’s generation mechanism. But in real life, there is not often a frame for people to choose, most of the time people have to edit and process from fuzzy information, and then form their own subjective frame.Wang preliminary discussed the Influence on risk decision making by self-frame in 2004 with original Schema method, concluded that self-frame will affect people’s risk choice as well as externally supplied frame. Then there are also some scholars use this method to launch the research on self-framing effect, get that the decision-making situation, personality factors will have an impact on self-framing effect. But there has no scholars combining the research of inter group, out group with self-frame effect. In order to find out how the self-frame effect be impacted when decision makers face inter group and out group, we set up two experiments. Experiment one, we use the Asian disease problem, using 2×2 between subjects design, the independent variables are decision object(the region people and the Japanese) and the self-frame(the positive one and the negative one). The dependent variable is the risk choice.The results show that people’s risk preference will be impacted when their targets are different groups of people. When their target is inter group, the decision makers who overestimate risk tend to seek risks. When their target is out group, the decision makers show significant self-frame effect. When change the target, self-frame effect disappeared. Experiment 2 use the news about Japan as the stimulus material for decision makers before they read disease problems about Japan, using 2×2 between-subjects design. The independent variables are news(Positive news, negative news, no news) and the self-frame(the positive one and the negative one). The dependent variableis the risk preference. The results show that different news reports influence the self-frame of decision maker. When they read negative news reports, more people considered the mortality rate is 2/3, the hedonic tones are more positive.News frame impact makers’ risk preference when their target is out group,after reading positive news, decision maker tend to seek risk. Self-frame effect of decision makers disappeared after reading news.