Rural Grassroots Political Participation Of Nanjing National Government Earlier Stage

During the period of Nanjing National Government, the deepening of rural grass-roots political participation was on the basis of the grassroots political participation since the late Qing dynasty. Rural grassroots political participation in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic period had strengthened the peasants? consciousness of political participation. Besides, ordinary people had appealed to expand political participation. Moreover, with the strengthening of the “squire?s power”, rural society under the control of the local power, and the central government legal authority in the country was also facing increasingly severe challenges. Additionally, Nanjing National Government faced with the complicated political situation in the beginning, including the communist party of the ruling class’ s internal squabbles, the reality of rural mobilization pressure and pressure of intellectuals calling for "human rights". To increase its legitimate authority resources and rebuild the authority of the central government, strengthening the rural social control. Nanjing national government claimed to expand political participation. And carried out the local autonomy, which was according to Sun Yat-sen?s Three Principles of the People.In terms of the theoretical system, Nanjing National Government had more comprehensive institutional arrangement of rural grassroots political participation. It was clear about the political participants? qualifications and rights, and paid attention to the construction of rural grassroots politics to participate in the organization. The implementation of regional autonomy produced more main bodies of political participant, established rural grassroots political organization and made the political participant expanded. Besides, political participation consciousness of the peasant was enhancing constantly. Indeed, at the beginning of the reign of Nanjing National Government, rural grassroots political participation had been progress, but there were serious problems. With the implementation of local autonomy, the squire’s strong political forced constantly strengthened in the countryside. Rural grassroots political participation was dominated by the landlord strong gradually.In view of gentleman class functioned as a communicator between local government and ordinary people in traditional society. Nanjing Government hoped to rely on the local gentlemen to carry out the local autonomy in the construction of grassroots power. However, due to the lack of talents, and rural economy was holding by the squires. The squires held country administrative organ, arranged the election and controlled other legal benefit expression channels. With the strengthening of “squire?s power”, local politics became worse and worse, and the suffering of farmers was growing.