The Study On Negative Expression “X 才 Y” Of Modern Chinese

There is a common oral negative expression in modern Chinese,that is “X 才Y”.This kind of language phenomenon that affirmative form expresses negative meaning needs to be explained. On the basis of the three planes and construction grammar,using a variety of methods combinating each other to study “X 才 Y”.Construction “X 才 Y” belongs to grammatical category,and also belongs to semantic category. From the three angles of “meaning and form matching”,“non-prediction” and “the basic unit of language research” identify “X 才 Y” whether meet the concept of construction,and then judging it’s type of construction is “schematic construction” or “grammar construction”.Describe and interpretate four types of construction:“人称代词+才+Y”、“名词+才+Y”、“X+才+好”、“X+才+怪”,and the restriction and selection of these four types of construction on their littele members“X”and“Y”.Make clear the generating principle of the negative semantic of construction“X才Y”as a negative expression,and explore the generating reason of the negative semantic of construction“X才Y”.The disputing tone of“才”and indicating of personal pronoun of construction“人称代词+才+Y”have influence on negative expression generating and its negative strength.The semantic contrast between subject“X”and speaker generates the negative expression of construction“名词+才+Y”,or the contrast in the same context between subject“X”and its semantic field members generates negative meaning.Using the expecting and affirming on event“X”to negate event“X”,that is how the negative meaning of construction“X+才+好”generates.Through evaluating event“X”,the negative meaning of construction“X+才+怪”generates.In the interaction,“construction coercion” and “lexical coercion” make the form and meaning of construction combinate closely,this interactive coercion is the main reason why the meaning of construction “X 才 Y” can be generated and stable.“Lnertia coercion” and “tense·aspectual coercion” have an impact on the meaning of construction “X 才 Y”. Adverb “才” has binding influence on the generating of construction “X 才 Y”. The research of construction “X 才 Y” should should combine the context of situation.Construction “X 才 Y” is a counter-expectation construction,the type of negation is pragmatic negation.