A Study On Symmetrical Structure "X Dui Y"

Symmetrical structure “X dui Y” is a special kind of Subjects and predicatesphrase,the subject and the predicate appear in the same structure while their semanticspoint to the different direction.It is widely used when people talking and writing,it iscompact and became a fixed form,and its structural semantics can not be directlyobtained from the components of “X dui Y”.We analyze “X dui Y” frommulti-perspective such as grammar,semantic and pragmatic.“X dui Y” is made up of the constant“dui”, the variable “X”and “Y”.“dui”means “treat and cope” or “toward”“.X”and“Y”can be same or differentto each other.They can be monosyllable or they can have two or three or moresyllables.They can be substantive or predicate.We also analyze that what kind of “X”and “Y” can be used in the structure.“X dui Y” can be in the head,in the middle or in the end of a sentence.It canplays a part as syntactic component such as subject, predicate,object, attribute,adverbial and complement in a sentence.In most cases,“X dui Y” acts as attribute andadverbial.“X dui Y” also can be used as an independent clause in a compoundsentence.The structural semantics of “X dui Y” is about antagonism and equivalence.Thesemantic of the structure is uncerntainly because of the variable “X”“Y” and theconstant“dui”,while the context can help to make the semantic clearly.Based on thedifferent meanings of “dui”,“X”“Y” will represent agentive and Patient or theirsemantics will be pointed to each other.And when we use noun or noun phrase as“X”“Y”,the possessive relationship between they and the other substantives of thesentence is complicated.“X dui Y” has a more prominent effect of expression as concise and harmoniousin pragmatics.It is used much more in the literary genre and news writing than in theofficial document,technology genre and political comment.While there is a specialcase that “X dui Y” is also widely used in the proverb or sayings.When used in asentence.“X dui Y” always expresses a kind of emotion such as complimentary sense,derogatory sense or neutral sense.At last,the paper has made a brief introduction of the usage of the structure in ancient Chinese.