Research On Relationship Between Ma-zhongying And "Hami Incident" Group

MA-Zhongying and “Hami Incident”was two main forces in Xinjiang’s politicalstage during the early1930s. Hami incident, a movement against JIN Shuren’s cruelgovernment,happened in1931;this summer, Gansu warlords MA-Zhongying wasdefeated by his cousin MA-Bufang in the battle of local warlords, then he fled to thethree counties outside of Jiayuguan Pass, owing to too much trouble for him to go east,MA-Zhongying went into Xinjiang during local battles and he desired to develop here.After his enter, MA-Zhongying made an alliance with "Hami incident" group, theyjointly combat JIN-Shuren’s province army; their first alliance brought a success thatthey defeated JIN-Shuren’s province army with a heavy blow, shaking JIN’s rulebasement; but due to unfair trophy assignment, the two sides met contradictions andfrictions in the operational process of battle against JIN-Shuren. In the autumn of1931, injured MA-Zhongying led his army returned to Gansu under external andinternal pressure, and this was the ending of the first alliance between MA-Zhongyingand "Hami incident" group.In the autumn of1932, the war restarted in Xinjiang. At Yulbars Khan’s invitation,MA-Zhongying sent MA-Shimin, MA-Quanlu, MA-Heying to Xinjiang into the newassistant, and this means the second league between MA-Zhongying and "Hamiincident" group was established. Since then, MA-Shimin, MA-Quanlu helped uprisingarmy expand the scope of the riots: at the end of1932,Turpan peasant uprising brokeout, and uprising leader sent people to invite MA-Zhongying personally to Xinjiang;in April of1933, MA-Zhongying led his army to Xinjiang for the second time. WithMA-Zhongying’s irresistible force,JIN-Shuren directed “April12th” incidence undergreat pressure of MA-Zhongying and Xinjiang uprising army, and JIN-Shurencollapsed. But this time, two sides of league fought against each other till the leaguefinally burst. The twice alliance and the alliance differentiation between MA-Zhongying and "Hami incident" group extensively and profoundly influenced politics, economy, ethnic relations in XinJiang during the1930s.This paper argues that the alliance between MA-Zhongying and "Hami incident"group was a loose and temporary one rooted with two sides’ own struggle anddevelopment; as a result, with the development of the struggle situation, due to thedifferent political goals as well as the external forces’s alienation, the two sides’ finalbroke was inevitable. Although the formation of the alliance effectively combat theJIN-Shuren’s brutal rule in XinJian’,owing to the first call for their alliance was Islam,but they fought each other after their alliance broke, therefore, whether the alliancewas against during their friendly relation, or their attack at each other during theirbreaking relation, this contributed to a mutual hostility and hatred of all ethnic groupsin XinJiang, and worsen the complex ethnic tensions of XinJiang. The evolution ofthe relationship between MA-Zhongying and "Hami incident" group did not bringXinJiang social peace and stability, but more intensified political unrest,the economicrecession, the personnel casualty and the deterioration of ethnic relations in XinJiangduring the period of the republic of China. They brought the serious disaster forXinjiang during the republic of China.