Study On The Ancient Chinese Particles

The Chinese particles is one special kind of parts of speech. It has asmall number, but is often used in language. Especially, it’s common in theancient Chinese. Linguisticians of every dynasties paid much attention on itand put forward some theories. Nevertheless, research results of particles arenot satisfactory, there are still many problems and arguments. We used toregard the language elements that is hard to classify as Chinese particle,itresults in confusion.Ancient Chinese particles is treated as the research object in this paper.Based on the predecessors’ research results, my paper draws lessons from thetheory of Critical Interpretation of Ancient Texts and Modern Syntactis. Makesome analysis of particles’ origin and development from the theory point.Through dividing the ancient Chinese into several history stages, summarizethe evolution of characteristics in each period so as to restore the ancientChinese particles a clear face. The content of this article is divided into fourparts altogether:The first part is mainly about the research of ancient Chinese particles inCritical Interpretation of Ancient Texts. This part includes two problems: oneis how to treat the Chinese particles in the traditional Critical Interpretation ofAncient Texts; the other is to find problems in it.The second part is on the research of ancient Chinese particle in ModernSyntactis. This part also includes two questions: one is how to treat theChinese particle in Modern Syntactics. Including the development of particalgrammar research and the related interpretation of grammar books; the otherone is to find problems in it.The third part is mainly to analysis and explore the relevant problems of ancient Chinese particle. The purpose of this part is to solve the questionswhich are put forward in the former two parts: the relationship of modalparticles and Chinese particles, the difference between affix and Chineseparticles, the classification and the nature of Chinese particles. This paperargues that modal particles and the Chinese particles should be two differentparts of speech, some affixes and Chinese particles can’t be confused.The fourth part is to disscuse the characteristics of Chinese particles indifferent periods. According to the development situation,it is divided intothree periods: In YanZhou period, Chinese particles have begun to use, but thetypes, quantity and usage are simple; From Spring and Autumn period to theQing Dynasty, the ancient Chinese developed to be more and more mature,there were a large number of literature books. The use of Chinese particleshas entered the stage of prosperity; From Han to Wei Jin Northern andSouthern Dynasties,it is the transition stage from the ancient Chinese particalto modern Chinese partical, some new changes came out.Through the analysis of the ancient Chinese particles’ characteristics, theauthor thought the modal particles is independent from Chinese particles.Make some analysis of the confused situation between paiticles and affixesand clean some confusion and exclusion out of the scope of Chinese particlesand make the scope be smaller. This paper argues that Chinese ancientparticles only includes structural particles and speech particles.