The Analysis Of The Hermit Culture In The Wei Jin Southern And Northern Dynasties

The word "hermit" has been produced in pre-Qin period, the hermit phenomenon already exists in the pre-Qin, and then through the development of the Qin and Han Dynasties, it can be said that in the Southern and Northern Dynasties,the phenomenon got to a peak place. In the Wei Jin Northern and Southern Dynasties, the hermit custom is very popular, this time the number of the hermit in official history books was more than one hundred, and the hermit not in the official history books was more. Their behaviors promoted the formation and development of Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties hermit custom, make hermit became the remarkable characteristic of this period.The formation of hermit custom in Wei Jin Dynasties have many reasons.In the political aspect, social unrest, political divisions,and the persecution,urge many hermits escape to the forests, in addition, during this period, the strong families and the nine grades of rank system blocked the official channel of the ordinary people,especially during more than170years of the southern dynasties, are making and stillo ccupying selecting the officer systems of leading status in the nine grades of rank in the feudal regimes, and play an important role in maintaining the doorvalve to rule. In terms of ideology and culture aspect, metaphysics of the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties is prevailing,Confucianism,the Buddhism and Daoism became merged, which provides the spiritual comfort for the people who choose the hermit life.In the Personally aspect, the hermit’s official career is not smooth, and the hermits like the natural beauty, and nobleness aspiration, make them go into the garden and forest, even though some was still in the court,their heart left in the nature. All these has constitute the main reasons of the formation of hermit phenomenon in Wei Jin Southern and Northern dynasties.In general, the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties hermit custom has many features, it embodies the essence of the hermit. The hobbies of the hermit in this period is very extensive,they like playing the lute or chess, reading or painting, they like drinking, and pay attention to health, they were carefree. These hermits also has very high knowledge and virtue, forming the typical characteristics of hermit culture in Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties.it absorb the essence of confucianism,the Buddhism and Daoism,and push them to the perfection. Furthermore, this hermit of this period like hidden in the garden and forests, and enjoy the scenery of the nature.The hermit of Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties has many influtions, which led to the political and social climate be better, produced a huge role in promoting the development of academic and artistic, the behavior of lecture and travel had an important role on promoting the development of private schools and the education of this period.in the Ideological and cultural aspect, the hermit culture has not only promoted the development of Confucianism, metaphysics in Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties, but also promote the development of Buddhism, and Daoism.