Evolution Research On Chefoo Customs

Customs is a national supervisory apparatus, a gateway to the national economy,and a symbol of sovereignty. Chefoo Customs was important in opening China to theWest. In Shandong it was one of the only customs from1861to1899, and whether itwas operational or not at any given moment had a great impact on Yantai. But for along time, research on Chefoo Customs hasn’t attracted very much attention ofhistoriographers. There are even less information about its establishment, mechanics ofthe organization, tax distribution, and research on the development of customs atdifferent periods of time. This work brings considers historiography, geography,economics, political science, and other related domains, in an attempt to thoroughlyunderstand the evolution and history of Chefoo customs.This literary work focuses on Chefoo Customs, diving deep into chefoo customs’shistorical evolution. By using time frames as the main analysis divider, the history ofChefoo customs was divided into two time periods, the late Qing Dynasty and theRepublic of China period. In order to create a clear, thorough, and wholistic picture ofChefoo custom’s historical development, this literary work collected historical data andpertinent analysis to paint a picture of the Chefoo Customs operations, supervisoryinstitutions, transformation of commisioner’s authority, taxation, and organizationalbranches.In Chapters I and II, this paper provides a comprehensive description of ChefooCustoms in the late Qing dynasty period, its establishment, operations, functions, responsibilities, taxation, personnel post, administrative affairs, etc. By sifting throughthe relevant files and historical materials, not only were we able to analyze the thetaxation, distribution, and trade affairs of Yantai, but also understand the the place ofChefoo customs in the late Qing Dynasty. In the3rd chapter, there is an introduction toChefoo customs in the Republic of China. After lasting through Japan’s occupation andthe KMT administration, and the finally landed the control of the Chinese CommunistParty, the history of Chefoo Customs was brought to an end, and a new Yantai customsentity was established. In the4th chapter and conclusion sections, there is analysis ofhow the establishment of Chefoo Customs influenced the emergence of Yantai, and acommentary of of chefoo Customs’s historical importance and influence.