Research On Formation Of Calligraphy Theory In Two Han Dynasties To The Six Dynasties

During the two Han dynasties and the six dynasties, the influence of the social climate, the calligraphy is no longer a "primary school" vassal, calligrapher created all sorts of style of works that presents typical characters, since that, the calligraphy art in this period could be the model of calligraphy which is profound. Due to the unprecedented development of calligraphy, the literati and officialdom and scholars not only wanted to show their talent with the calligraphy art, but also begin to pay close attention to the calligraphy style theory, creation, reviews and calligraphy esthetics and so on, then various calligraphy comment came up. So during this period, some important concepts and create specification on the history of the calligraphy also gradually established.The calligraphy theory built during two Han dynasties and the six dynasties had shown the foundations of the calligraphy art and developed certain functions at the same time: the technique theory which discussed calligraphy skills; the comments of calligraphy and calligrapher; Records of calligraphy’s related information theory; discussions of calligraphy which distinguished features of book reviews, then it appeared the corresponding creation, appreciation, data form and theory form. The concrete forms of calligraphy theory in two Han dynasties and the six dynasties:theoretical formation, consisted of the theory system of systematic, discussion of the repeated in-depth problem and tends to perfection, it had became the theoretical basis of ancient calligraphy theory. Application formation, it closely tied to the practice needs, guided by a large number of writing articles, so it was an essential part of learning engaged in the artistic creation. Data formation, combined by record books of history data, compiled chronicle of calligraphy and the real data materials. Appreciation formation is to appreciate works of art, the calligrapher’s level of connoisseurship. All above constituted the ancient calligraphy system prototype, and completely grasping calligraphy theory built during two Han dynasties and the six dynasties systematically was the key to fully grasp the true meaning of the ancient calligraphy theory.This paper will start from theoretical formation, application formation, Data formation, Appreciation formation and will respectively discussed in four chapters, For each kind of formation, the research started from the concept of characteristics, specific content and the function which made efforts to grasp the key point of each formation.The first chapter is about the presentation of data formation of calligraphy theory. Calligraphy art history research depends on two kinds of material, one is physical material like:stone carving, ink, etc.; The other is the resource of historical materials, it is thought as consciously collecting records of that period. data formation of calligraphy theory included four aspects:some bibliography style, historical events, cataloguing the collection, rheological of calligraphy. data formation of calligraphy theory during two Han dynasties and the six dynasties has many omissions, they still offered us the important reference materials to study calligraphy art history.The second chapter is about the presentation of application formation of calligraphy theory. It was closely associated with the application requirement of calligraphy artists. The content of application formation includes two aspects:artistic technique and creative psychology. These made calligraphy theory in a sense of high position, not only to show a specific direction for the learner of calligraphy, under the function of teaching and learning, it also stimulates the calligraphy artists, educators, calligraphers and made them more sensitive and carefully look at art in turn.The third chapter is the presentation of theoretical formation. Calligraphy works with theoretical formation mainly points to the problem of calligraphy ontology, which give a theoretical generalization to the art characteristics of calligraphy theory. Its characteristic was systemic; and was able to in combination with the status quo discussed repeatedly and then draw some new interpretations; sparing no effort to pursue the source of calligraphy art creation and the ultimate goal. Theoretical formation of calligraphy theory including three big aspects:the specific content of the theory criticism, style characteristics, calligraphy esthetics. These theoretical formation of calligraphy theory produced different content in order to achieve different functions, it eventually became the basis of ancient Chinese calligraphy theory.The fourth chapter is about the presentation of appreciation formation of calligraphy theory. At this moment, the aesthetic significance of calligraphy has been generally accepted, the Calligraphers understood artistic image according to their own artistic ideas, thoughts and feelings, hobbies and life experience,this process was called art appreciation, when this kind of art appreciation leaped from perceptual knowledge stage to rational stage, after that, calligraphy theory became the calligraphy theory with appreciation formation. Appreciation formation calligraphy theory mainly divided into two aspects:works appreciation, the character evaluation. Appreciation formation of calligraphy theory during two Han dynasties and the six dynasties mainly biased towards the appreciation function, but there were still a lot of innovations, which provided some important basis to future generations of art appreciation evaluation.