A Comparative Study On Steven Lukes And Sean Sayers’ Marxist Theory Of Morality

The relationship between Marxism and morality is one of the hottest topics ofcontemporary moral and political philosophy because of the difference between thetheory and the practice. Nowadays, there has no need to debate whether the Marxism isthe moral theory, and the central issue is Marxism shows what kind of morality. Therehas enlightening significance by comparing the morality of Lukes and Sayers tounderstand the relationship between Marxism and Morality.Lukes divides Marxist morality into legal moral and emancipatory moral. Heopposes and rejects legal moral and believes in emancipatory moral. However, Sayersproposes a different proposition, he believes that Marxism unify science and value bydouble judging Capitalist society in the way of determining facts and value judgments.He questions Lukes’ discussion of the relationship between Marxism and morality andcriticizes Lukes’ theory that legal moral is moral relativism and emancipatory moral ismoral absolutism with Lukes’ wrong choice in his opinion.Comparing the theory of Lukes and Sayers, we know that both of them insist anduse Dialectics to study Marxist morality, and both agree that Marxism is a historical andrelative morality. But the difference between them is that Lukes shows absolutely anon-absolutist morality, and Sayers shows a non-relative moral relativism.