Analysis On Epidemic Characteristics And Risk Factors Of Measles In Hexi District Of Tianjin From 2005 To 2014

Object By analyzing the statistical measles data of Hexi District 2005~2014, this paper is aimed to accurately understand the epidemiological characteristics of measles in Hexi District explore the major factors related to epidemic measles and identify susceptible populations so as to provide basement for implementing effective strategies and methods of measles control.Method This study found the etiology and epidemiology of measles disease through literature research. Meanwhile, this paper analyzed the epidemiological characteristics through measles cases by "Measles special disease surveillance information reporting system". We used software EXCEL to organize and record the data of the measles from 2005 to 2014, and then analyzed the measles cases of Hexi District from 2005 to 2014 by descriptive epidemiology. Last, we analyzed the influencing factors of measles disease by logistic regression.Results 1. For the measles cases in Hexi District of Tianjin from 2005 to 2014, the incidence of measles reached the highest value in 2014 with 190 cases(the incidence rate of 19.09/10 million) and that reached its lowest point in 2012 with zero cases. 2. A total of 784 cases of measles were reported in 2005~2014 and measles cases incurred average each month. The incidence was significantly seasonal and the epidemic strength is mainly discrete. The measles cases were the most in March and April, accounting for 20.66% and 20.03% of all reported cases; May and February for 15.69% and 15.18%respectively. 3. For geographical distribution of measles cases of Hexi District from 2005 to 2014, the proportion of Youyi road sub district is the highest, accounting for 13.65% of all cases, followed by the Jianshan street sub district, accounting for 12.12% of all cases. 4. The cumulative incidence of measles of male and female is 454 and 330 respectively, and the sex ratio was 1.38: 1. For all measles cases, the youngadult and children were majority, of which 20~50 year old young adults account for 62.50%, followed by children, accounting for 19.77%. All adults account for 65.43 %. With the clear records, the children cases of the discrete location was the highest proportion, accounting for 22.96% of all reported cases, followed by workers and domestic, accounting for 14.80% and 12.12%, respectively. 5. Single factor analysis of the incidence of measles in children under 7 showed that: the floating population, treatment history, contact history and vaccination history were statistically relevant to the incidence of measles of children measles, and these OR values were 3.428, 5.523, 6.215 and 0.039, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: treatment history, contact history and vaccination history were statistically relevant to the incidence of measles of children measles still, and these OR values were 3.557, 12.404 and 0.021, respectively. 6. Single factor analysis of the incidence of measles in teenagers showed that: the floating population, public places, contact history and vaccination history were statistically relevant to the incidence of measles of children measles, and these OR values were 3.615, 3.330, 5.789 and 0.031, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: public places,, contact history and vaccination history were statistically relevant to the incidence of measles of children measles still, and these OR values were 3.050, 13.423 and 0.016, respectively. 7. Single factor analysis of the incidence of measles in adults showed that: the floating population, contact history, and the history of measles vaccination measles were statistically relevant to the incidence of measles of adult measles, and these OR values were 4.027, 4.513 and 0.085, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that: a history of exposure and measles vaccination history were statistically relevant to the incidence of measles of adult measles still, and these OR values were 4.072 and 0.092.Conclusions The epidemiological characteristics of measles in Hexi District, Tianjin include that the measles incidence mode is mainly discrete and the measles are likely to occur each quarter, but that are more from March to May.The measles cases of Hexi District showed some epidemiological regularity in the time distribution, spatial distribution and human distribution. The high~risk populations have turned to the young adults and children, especially the live scattered children, recognized and housekeeping staff. The use of measles special disease surveillance information reporting system strengthens the management of measles cases, epidemiological survey and analysis, reducing the occurrence of the second generation of infectious disease cases. The normative report of measles special disease surveillance information reporting system makes timeliness of measles cases reported(excluding suspected measles cases reported incidence), specificity(sporadic cases of suspected measles blood specimen collection rate) were significantly improved. The contact history and the vaccination history are statistically relevant to adult measles and the floating population, treatment history, contact history and vaccination history are statistically relevant to children measles, suggesting that we should take different prevention work for different population to prevent the measles. For the children less than 7 years of age, treatment and exposure history are risk factors, and vaccination history is a protective factor; for 8 to 20 year olds, access to public places and history of exposure are risk factors, and vaccination history is a protective factor; for adults of 20 years and older, history of exposure is the risk factor, and vaccination history is a protective factor. Vaccination is the most important strategy to control measles. However, there is a great distance to the measles elimination. Measles control still needs constant efforts and invests in public health and implements of the measles prevention and control. Migrant children is the focus crowd for measles prevention and control, so the supervision of migrant children should be strengthen and the prevention vaccination of the live scattered children should be focused on.