Surveillance Of Medical Vectors In Wenzhou Port And Analysis On Two Important Medical Vectors

Medical vectors are important intermediary in pathophoresis. The Medical vectors threat to public health, even can spread to the world with the help of ship, airplane, container, cargo or parcel. Wenzhou longwan international airport and Wenzhou qiligang port are important ports in south of Zhejiang province. With the number of Entry-exit vehicle, container or passenger increased rapidly in these ports, the risk of the vector-borne disease increased. Various medical vectors spread various pathogens or have different rule of the development. It’s very important to survey medical vector in frontier port. The paper purpose on preventing medical vectors or the pathogens enter or exit from frontier port, early-warning insect-borne infectious disease and maintain biological safety. Our research surveyed the medical vectors perennially and obtained the species, number, structure and seasonal fluctuation of medical vectors in Wenzhou Port. Meanwhile, the research used high-throughput sequencing technology to obtain the transcriptome of P. Fuliginosa(Serville) and P. australasiae(Fabricius) to solve new problem in medical vectors control. The transcriptome of P. fuliginosa(Serville) and P.australasiae(Fabricius) are useful for further molecular research. Main findings are as follows: 1. Surveillance of medical vectors in Wenzhou portA total of 18866 medical vectors were captured in Wenzhou qiligang port from 2012 to 2015, identified as 33 species 23 genera and 9 families. Captured 72 rodents, which were identified as 6 species 4genera and 2 families. The density of rodents were 0.78%, 1.31%, 0.71% and 0.46%, respectively. The peak period of rodent appeared in September or December, the dominant species of rodents was Suncus murinus, accounting for 75.00%. Captured 5436 mosquitoes, which were identified as 6 species 4 genera and 2 families. The density of mosquitoes were 4.04, 7.93, 8.37 and 6.15 per lamp-hour, respectively. The dominant species of mosquitoes was Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus, accounting for 69.24%, with the peak period in Summer. Captured 13355 flies, which were identified as 20 species 14 genera and 4 families. The density of flies were 104.00, 253.80, 151.94 and 274.50 per cage, respectively. Files peak in July with the dominant species of Chrysomyia megacephala and Lucilia sericata, accounting for 50.85% and 28.79% respectively, with the peak period in July.A total of 35515 medical vectors were captured in Wenzhou longwan international airport, identified as 29 species 19 genera and 10 families. Captured 95 rodents, which were identified as 6 species 4genera and 2 families. The density of rodent were 1.08%, 0.91%, 1.67% and 0.72%, respectively. The peak period of rodent appeared from June to August, the dominant species of rodent was Suncus murinus, accounting for 42.11%. Captured 5342 mosquitoes, which were identified as 5 species 3 genera and 2 families.The density of mosquitoes were 6.56, 7.49, 7.47 and 3.22 per lamp-hour, respectively. The dominant species of mosquitoes was Culex pipiens quinque fasciatus, accounting for 74.22%, with the peak period in Summer. Captured 20423 flies, which were identified as 14 species 10 genera and 4 families. The density of flies were 312.61, 257.00, 276.67 and 288.33 per cage, respectively. Files peak in July with the dominant species of Chrysomyia megacephala and Lucilia sericata, accounting for 59.91% and 24.29%,respectively. Captured 9655 Cockroaches, which were identified as 4 species 2 genera and 2 families. The density of Cockroaches were 8.36, 8.89, 8.83, 5.88 per glue trap, respectively. Cockroaches were observed throughout the whole year, the peak period appeared in May or June, the dominant species was Blattella germanica, accounting for 96.99%. 2. Exotic medical vectors intercepted at Wenzhou portA total of 823 medical vectors were intercepted in exotic container at Wenzhou port, which were identified as 31 species 19 genera and 10 families. The major medical vectors were flies, accounting for 80.07%, which followed by tick and Cockroaches, accounting for 10.57% and 8.51%, respectively. Few rodents and mosquitoes were intercepted. The container which have intercepted medical vectors were distributed in 35 countries or regions, with Ningbo(feeder liner), South Africa, America, Uruguay and Australia being the major ones, the major cargo was wet-salted bovine hide. The peak period appeared from June to October. 8 species were found in these medical vectors which doesn’t belong to local species, identified as Graphomya rufitibia, Ophyra spinigera, Lucilia papuensis, Ophyra aenescens, Piophila casei, Amblyomma pomposum, Hyalomma turanicum, Amblyomma variegatumand Amblyomma lepidum.A total of 80 medical vectors were intercepted in enter ship at Wenzhou port, which were identified as 14 species 10 genera and 6 families. The major medical vectors were flies and Cockroaches, accounting for 52.50% and 47.5% respectively. The ship which have intercepted medical vectors from 10 countries or regions, the major ones have the flag of CHINA, HONGKONG and PANAMA. The peak period appeared from April to June and September to October. 3 species were found in these medical vectors which doesn’t belong to local species, identified as Neomyia timorensis, Ophyra spinigera and Piophila casei.3. The transcriptome of Periplaneta fuliginosa Serville and Periplaneta australasiae(Fabricius)The research carried out de novo assembly of the P. fuliginosa and and P. australasiae transcriptome using Illumina sequencing. In P. fuliginosa, we obtained 54964 transcripts with the length of 57753395 bp, which further assembled into 39576 unigene with the length of 32297597 bp. Based on Swiss-Prot, NR, KEGG, COG and Pfam, 61167 gene have been identified with fuctions. A total of 33955 transitions and 16561 transversion in SNP were identified; 2666 EST-SSRs were identified. In P. australasiae, we obtained 29160 transcripts with the length of 21385175 bp, which further assembled into 24404 unigene with the length of 16583410 bp. Base on Swiss-Prot, NR, KEGG, COG and Pfam, 45476 gene have been identified. A total of 21234 transitions and 11154 transversion in SNP were identified; 1543 EST-SSRs were identified.