| Objective:Parkinson’s disease(PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in middle aged and elderly people.The clinical symptoms of Parkinson’s disease is static tremor,muscle rigidity bradykinesia and abnormal gait posture because of substantia nigra dopamine neurons damaged and content of striatal dopamine decreased significantly. Parkinson’s disease dementia is a subcortical dementia which appear in the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease.Main cognitive function of Parkinson’s disease dementia is executive function and memory impaired,as well as fiction,fault structrue,mental disorder and other impaired cognitive function[1].It is estimated that by2050 the number of Parkinson’s disease patients will increase approximately more than eight million from now more than two million[2].The prevalence of dementia in Parkinson’s disease is four to six times in general population.Parkinson’s disease dementia prevalence estimates for 30/10,ten thousand[3].It was popularly thought that there was only abnormality on extrapyramindial system in PD patients, while recently researchers found that there was also abnormality on visual and hearing pathway. Some studies find that P100 PL[4-5], ⅠPL,Ⅰ-ⅢPL[6-8],ⅢPL,Ⅴpeak to peak PL,Ⅰ-Ⅴpeak to peak PL,Ⅲ-Ⅴpeak to peak PL[4,6-9] were prolonged in Parkinson’s disease.The difference of evoked potential waves in each study is associate with experiment method,record,sample size and so on.Yu lian li and other researchers[10] find that patients with Parkinson’s disease dementia have abnomal in P100 wave, Ⅰwave,Ⅲwave,Ⅴwave.Now diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease depends on clinical symptoms and medical history. Its gold standard is follow-up visit.In the follow-up visit patients with atypical clinical manifestations can be gradually diagnosed with Parkinson’sdisease.Parkinson’s disease dementia diagnosis depends on clinical manifestations and assessment of cognitive function and mental behavior.There is no objective examination method in Parkinson’s disease diagnosis.It depend on clinical manifestation,physical examination.These make the misdiagnosis rate of Parkinson’s disease is high. In this study we research auditory evoked potential and visual evoked potentials in Parkinson’s disease,Parkinson with dementia and normal people. To investigate the changes of visual evoked potential(VEP)and brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP)in patients with Parkinon disease and patients with Parkinson disease dementia.Methods:VEP and BAEP were studied in 40 patients with PD(n-PD group),20 patients with Parkinson disease dementia(PDD group) and 16 controlers(controler group).n-PDgroup and controler group did mini-mental state examination(MMSE) and activities of living(ADL).PDDgroup did neuropsychiatric inventory(NPI).Inspector using evoked potential instrument ask people to take comfortable lying position in the shielding room.Through headphone to voice of alternate binaural stimulation,participants will record electrode on the top of the head at the same time,reference electrodes are give ear to the vertical.Auditory evoked potential is a 16×16 black and white checkerboard pattern reversal pattern stimulation.Its recording electrodes placed in the occipital and reference electrodes placed on the top of the head.Each groups did visual evoked potential and brainstem auditory evoked potential.The observation index were peak latency of P100, Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅴand interpeak latency ofⅠ-Ⅴ,Ⅲ-Ⅴ,Ⅰ-Ⅲ.Statistical analysis was run using SPSS17.0 software.The measurement data was indicated the mean and standard deviation.Independent-samples T Test and One-Way ANOVA were used in the study.Result:The latency of P100 in right and left eyes were not prolonged significantly P>0.05.The latency of O1,OZ and O2 in n-PD group and PDD group were :111.53±7.30ms、111.24±7.35ms、113.34±7.6ms;116.80±6.03ms、116.95±6.14ms、117.50±7.94 ms and in control group were 107.19±4.26 ms 、 108.25±3.32 ms 、108.75±3.37 ms,there were statistical significance prolong on O1,OZ and O2 compared with the control P<0.05. The latency of P100 in PDD was prolonger than that in n-PD.The latency of brainstem auditory evoked potential in right and left ears were not prolonged significantly P >0.05. The latency of Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ, Ⅰ-Ⅲ, Ⅰ-Ⅴ and Ⅲ-Ⅴ in n-PD group and PDD group were : 1.91±0.27 ms 、 4.03±0.43 ms 、 6.14±0.51 ms 、2.09±0.21ms、4.29±0.25ms、2.09±0.17ms;1.95±0.29ms、4.20±0.47ms、6.23±0.52ms、2.18±0.18ms、4.24±0.29ms、2.10±0.14 ms and in control group were 1.56±0.12ms、3.64±0.36ms、4.81±0.59ms、2.06±0.18ms、3.68±0.22ms、1.81±0.14 ms, there were statistical significance prolong on Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ, Ⅰ-Ⅴ and Ⅲ-Ⅴ compared with the control P < 0.05.The latency of Ⅰ-Ⅲ in Parksion’s disease and control group were not signficantly prolonged P > 0.05. The latency of BAEPs were not prolonged significantly,compared with control group.From the top we know that there were abnormality on visual and hearing pathway in patients with Parkinson’s disease. The latency of P100 in patients with Parkinson’s disease was prolonged. The latency of P100 in PDD was prolonger than that in n-PD.The latency of Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ, Ⅰ-Ⅴ and Ⅲ-Ⅴwere prolonged in patients with Parkinson’s disease.Conclusion:The latency of P100 in patients with Parkinson’s disease was prolonged. The latency of P100 in PDD was prolonger than that in n-PD.We know that there was abnormality on visual pathway in patients with Parkinson’s disease.The latency of P100 provide a basis of the diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease and Parkinson’s disease dementia.The latency of Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ, Ⅰ-Ⅴ and Ⅲ-Ⅴwere prolonged in patients with Parkinson’s disease. We know that there were abnormality on hearing pathway in patients with Parkinson’s disease. |
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