Research On Risk Factors And Interventions With Naikan Cognitive Therapy To Medical Students Who At Risk For Eating Disorders

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of medical students who are at risk for eating disorders(ED tendency group).Evaluation of the effect of interventions with NCT(Naikan Cognitive Therapy) to medical students with ED tendency group.Method: In December 2013,The medical students of Tianjin Medical University were investigated by the SCOFF(sick、control、one stone、fat、food), EDI-3(Eating Disorders Inventory-3),BMI-SMT(BMI-based Silhouette Matching Test),BAI(Beck Anxiety Inventory),SDS(Self-rating Depression Scale),Analysis differences in risky Psychosocial Characteristics factors of ED tendency group and none ED tendency group.70 students,who met the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria of the interventions study,were randomly assigned to the study group and control group.There were 35 students in each group,one student fell off in the control group.The study group were centralized and received NCT for a week,while the control group were centralized without intervention.Before and after the intervention they were both evaluated by EDI-3,BMI-SMT,SAS and SDS.Results:(1) 664 students were surveyed and 264(39.8%) students met the criteria of eating disorder tendency group.(2) The most common symptom in students is“Do you make yourself Sick because you feel uncomfortably full?”,followed by “Do you worry you have lost control over how much you eat?”(3) The slim rates in eating disorder tendency group is lower than none eating disorder tendency group,The difference was tatistically significant(P<0.05).(4) No statistically significant differences were observed in the distribution of the grade,profession,age,family income,parents’ relation,relation with parents, parenting, father’s education degree,family disease history,the number of friends,raised up by whom,family desease history,being abused history in childhood;family residence,mother’s education degree,media attention on weight loss,mother or a companion had statistically significant differences(P<0.05).(5) There was no differenece between the two groups in weight.There were statistically significant differences in tall,BMI,actruel size,ideal size,cognigation wrap of BMI,expectation of BMI(P<0.05).(6) Scores of EDI,DT,BD,B.LES,ID of eating disorder tendency group were significant higher than none eating disorder tendency group(P<0.05).(7) The eating disorder tendency group had higher scores of SAS and had more students with anxiety disorders,The differences had statistical significances(P<0.05),After the stratification of gender had got the same result.(8) There were no statistical significance differences between the two groups of the scores of SDS and the number of students who had depression.(9) The results of Logistic multifactor regression analysis showed that gender, mother’s level of education, media attention, SAS,DT are the independent factors affecting the eating disorder tendency(P<0.05).(10) At last, one student in control group didn’t complete the intervention. In the final analysis, study group had 35 students, while control group had 34 students.(11) After the intervention,scores EDI,DT,BD,B,LES,ID were significantly lower than before in study group(p<0.05).In control group, scores of LES,ID were significantly lower than before(p<0.05).(12) After the intervention,the conception deviations and expectation deviations were significantly lower than before(p<0.01) in study group,There were no differences in control groups.(13) After the intervention,SAS scores were significantly lower than before in both study and control groups(p<0.05).(14) After the intervention,SDS scores were significantly lower than before(p<0.05)in both study and control groups.Conclusions:(1) Lots of the females were at risk for eating disorders, this should be taken into consideration seriously.(2) The medical students whose family residence was in the provincial capital city,the higher the degree of mother’s culture,the higher level of the media’s attention to diet, mother or companion go on a diet are more vulnerable to eating disorders.(3) Male and female medical atudents in eating disorder tendency group both had conception deviations and expectation deviations about body image.(4) Scores of EDI,DT,BD,B,LES,ID,SAS of eating disorder tendency group were higher than none eating disorder tendency group.(5) Scores of SAS eating disorder of tendency group were higher than none eating disorder tendency group,Scores of SDS had no statistical difference between the two groups.(6) gender,mother’s level of education,media attention,SAS,DT is the independent factors affecting the eating disorder tendency.(7) Naikan Cognitive Therapy can decreas the eating disorder tendency,conception deviations and expectation deviations,DT,EDI,DT,BD,B.LES,ID,SAS of medical students.(8) Naikan cognitive psychotherapy can effectively improve medical students’ sympotoms of Eating Disorders,can be applied to the community mental health education and guidance work.