| Background:Adequate rest is essential for human and animals, and it guaranteed their survival and normal life, and the advanced activities of the brain. With the development of social economy, more and more people have suffered from insomnia. Insomnia is one of the most frequent sleep disorders, which refers people who have very poor continuity of sleep, wake up early, sleep initial disturbance and/or the experience of nonrestorative sleep coupled with daytime dysfunction. Insomnia disorder is considered to be a common condition which increases the incidence of accidents, injures and severely influences the quality of life. People with insomnia disorder are more likely to have another medical problem such as high blood pressure, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, the damage of cognitive function, especially memory problems. Sleep plays an important role in memory consolidation, information temporarily stored in the hippocampus and then gradually shifted to neocortical for long-term storage. Polysomnography (PSG) is considered to be the gold standard to test sleep, which can be used to make a comprehensive assessment of sleep disorders. PSG can record the electroencephalogram, it is commonly used in clinical diagnosis of insomnia disorders such as insomnia and narcolepsy. Therefore, how to improve sleep quality, reduce the damage to hippocampus and memory function has become the focus of resent studies.Objective:To investigate the correlation between sleep electroencephalogram, hippocampus volumes and spatial memory functions and in the patients with insomnia disorder.Methods:22 patients with primary insomnia and 17 normal controls were selected. We adopted the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS), and Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) to assess the subjective sleep quality in insomnia disorder cases and the controls; the Polysomnography (PSG) to assess objective sleep quality; Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA) to assess the cognitive function; nine-boxes maze to assess the spatial memory. A Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) was used to detect hippocampus volumes.Result:1、A significant differences were seen between insomnia disorder and normal control in PSQI, ISI, HAMA, HAMD17 scores (Ps<0.05) but there were no significant differences in ESS and MoCA scores (Ps>0.05).2、Insomnia cases had different sleep parameters comparing to controls, and the difference was statistically significant (Ps<0.05) (i.e. decreased total sleep time, delay sleep latency, reduced sleep efficiency, and lowed the N3, REM proportion).3、There was obviously difference in the erroneous numbers of spatial working memory in two groups (Ps<0.05). There was no significantly difference in object reference memory, spatial reference memory and object recognition between two groups (Ps>0.05).4、Patients with insomnia disorder demonstrated significantly reduced standard left, right and whole hippocampus volumes compared to the control group (Ps<0.05).5、Positive correlations were observed between sleep latency, REM proportion, hippocampus volumes with spatial memory, negative correlation was observed between sleep latency and hippocampus volumes. There were positive relationships among sleep latency, N3 proportion and hippocampus volumes. negative relationships between the duration of insomnia with hippocampus volumes in insomnia disorder patients (Ps<0.05). Conclusion The sleep quality was decreased, and the hippocampus volume was shrank, spatial memory was impaired in the patients with insomnia disorder. The spatial memory may be involved in sleep efficiency, REM proportion and hippocampus volumes.Conclusion:The sleep quality was decreased, and the hippocampus volume was shrank, spatial memory was impaired in the patients with insomnia disorder. The spatial memory may be involved in sleep efficiency, REM proportion and hippocampus volumes. |
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