The Study Of The Academic Thoughts And Medical Experiences Of Lao Shaoxian

ObjectiveProfessorshaoxian Lao, as one of the first graduates of the University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (short for "TCM" below), apprenticed from the national physician tietao Deng, has engaged in clinical work for more than 50 years. His medical experiences on diagnosis and treatment extremely rich Lingnan local characteristics, based on the basic theory of TCM. He has been researching the theory of TCM boldly and creatively, which has made great contribution for the modernization of TCM. In addition to publish a large number of basic theoretical papers, Pro. Lao has been still working in the outpatient service in our hospital, leaving many medical records waiting for other scholars to mining and refining. In response to the National and Guangdong Province’s Working Policy on inheriting the academic thoughts of the famous TCM experts, this study is the first time in form of dissertation to collect and classify proven cases of Pro. Lao, and summarized his academic thoughts. To some extent, it can help other scholars to understand Pro. Lao’s profound background and guide their clinical diagnosis, treatment and research, paving the way for deepen inheritance of the academic thoughts of Pro. Laoin the future.MethodsIn the first step, to collect and classify Pro. Lao’s papers, including his students’(or apprentices) writings, combined with interviews of himself, preliminary outline Pro. Lao’s medical experiences and academic thoughts, aim on finding his expert on the kinds of diseases. Based on top of the step, it is necessary to formulate the clinical practice plan to learn on Pro. Lao’s service.Secondly, according to clinical practices and inspection works, collecting Pro. Lao’s proven cases, selected which can reflect his characteristic on diagnosis and treatment, then to input them into computer, and to quote the relevant ancient documents to analysis the basic theory on TCM, in return to understand Pro. Lao’s clinical experience fully.Finally, to refine the forward steps’results, inducing Pro. Lao’s academic thoughts, then may ask Pro. Lao himself to interpretive and analysis some parts of confusion on this study, pursuing the academic thoughts as much close as possible to Pro. Lao.ResultsTo make introduction of Pro. shaoxian Lao through interview to himself, understanding his life, with summaries of his medical path from learning and working experience.To acknowledge and outline a summary of Pro. Lao’s development and innovation on academic thoughts after clinical practice work for so many years.To collect, sort and classify the proven records, then to input them into computer, to quote the ancient documents and have more advanced studies from the analysis of Pro. Lao’s medical records. To present the understanding and confusion after this step.To summarize Pro. Lao’s academic thoughts systemically, paving the way for other scholars to deepen research on his experiences and thoughts. In addition, to put forward the ideas and requirements on learning, practicing and researching TCM, not only for successors after the famous TCM experts, but also for each physicians of TCM.ConcusionPro. Shaoxian Lao’s academic thoughts could be mainly divided into two parts below.(1). Medical experiences:Diagnosis and differentiation syndromes should be emphasizes "(TCM) major syndrome for the essence, disease to the pivot and (TCM) subordinate syndrome as emergency". In this nature, to diagnosis the major syndrome plays the core part, with which guides the main therapy and treatment, decides which and how much the herbs be used in a prescription. According to the knowledge on courses of diseases, to distinguish the principal contradiction during treatment. What if there’s emergency occurrence, only been directed by the Great Ancient Zhongjing Zhang’s saying "As for the single disease, but the disease comes after the treatment on emergency", could solve the problem well. Pro. Lao attaches importance to Tongue diagnosis within deep influence of the schools of epidemic febrile diseases, which reflects the activities of Qi, pathogenic and anti-pathogenic factors in human beings. For both the climate and geography in Lingnan represent Dampness and Heat, people live in this area are more likely insufficiency of the Spleen while being Damp-heat. Therefore, to protect the Qi of Spleen and Stomach should major in strengthening the Spleen and replenishing Qi. Pro. Lao learns the way from Expert Deng, using Dangshen with Dendrobium to supple Qi and nourish Yin, but unafraid ofhumidity, Agrimony with Radix Fici replenish Qi and strengthen tendons to prevent human beings from consumptive syndromes. Pro. Lao is good at using Lingnan local herbs as well, such as Cortex IlicisRotundae, Herb Sarcandra and Hedyotisdiffusa, to clear and relieve heat with dampness internal. In view of different diseases, he omnibuses the rules of treatment, meaning of "homotherapy for heteropathy". Among other miscellaneous diseases, Pro. Lao brings forward the principle thought:"to recuperate the Spleen and Stomach to nurse the five internal organs(short for ’the Five’ below)" and "to nurse the Five to recuperate the Spleen and Stomach". This guides him to smooth the activities of Qi, combined with TCM and modern medicine. What he requires most is the prescription writing in compact and prioritized, with properly choosing couplet medicines aim of "to half the work while to double results".(2). Clinical Researches:Starting from the basic theories of TCM, Pro. Lao pays his attention on the subtle variables. With exploration step by step, he joints new research achievements of modern medicine, in requires of understanding the whole human being in different ways. Quantitative researches could be made on local, microcosmic and multi-level. The attitudes toward research should be like these:bold scrutiny, careful confirmation, being willing to repeated verification and painstaking accumulation. It’s necessary for scholars to do researches meaningful for solving exact problems both clinical and on medical education, in order to unity the clinical, education and research organically. Pro. Lao considers the conclusion of research to use on clinical practice process, for testing the actual value of the study.Through the classification and analysis on the povern cases of Pro. Lao, it reflects the characteristics of his experiences on diagnosis and treatment, both of Spleen and Stomach Digestive diseases and of miscellaneous diseases. It could be described as below:With view of the climate and geography in Lingnan Area, Pro. Lao considers that local people are prone to be insufficiency of the Spleen and impairment of both Qi and Yin because of effect by dampness-heat. Since Expert Deng is good at using Radix Fici to supple the Qi of Spleen, Pro. Lao matches Radix Fici with Dendrobium both nourishing Yin, matches with Agrimony both reinforce the Kidney and strengthening the tendons. While treating Dampness-heat Syndrome, Pro. Lao adopts the rules "to separate and dredge the Dampness-heat", on the basis of Wei-qi-ying-xue syndrome and Triple energizer syndrome differentiation raised by the schools of epidemic febrile diseases. Among his treatments, he puts clearing dampness in an important position that flexibly applies resolving, eliminating and dredging dampness methods to formulate the QingzhuoAnzhong Decoction (QAD), which specializes in the treatment of the Dampness-heat Syndrome. Pro. Lao follows the rule that "the six hollow viscera must keep its unobstructed" when treats the Fu-organ syndromes. He adjusts different kinds of couplet medicines including the one soothing the Liver, regulating the flow of Qi, clearing the hollow viscera and etc., aim at different kinds of pathogenesis. This ensures the Stomach Qi and body fluid to be protected when the Ascent-Descent Qi of Spleen and Stomach is moderated. All of this is considered by the thought "to nurse the Five to recuperate the Spleen and Stomach". For the Liver diseases, cancer, and some local lesion described by modern medical diagnostic means, Pro. Lao thinks to improve blood circulation (especially microcirculation) can be well effected to guide prescription. Besides the therapy of strengthening the Spleen and harmonizing the Stomach, Pro. Lao flexibly matches herbs clearing heat with dissolving blood stagnant, such as Curcuma Zedoary with Sculellariabarbata, fried Pseudo-ginseng with fried CollaCoriiAsini and etc..Despite he’s been accumulated clinical experience for years, Pro. Lao continuous learning from other famous TCM experts and theories of different schools, integrating treatments for chronic miscellaneous diseases including cough, insomnia, skin diseases, stranguria, Bi-syndrome and etc.. He considerers the principle "homotherapy for heteropathy" on the aspect, grasping the pathogenesis in both TCM and modern medicine ways. The characteristic of his treatments should be the rule that "to recuperate the Spleen and Stomach to nurse the Five", with using Lingnan local couplet medicines. For example, Pro. Lao’s treatment on cough is to dispel wind while to open the inhibited Lung-energy, to nourish the Lung while to strengthen the Spleen, and (or) diuresis while detumescence. Treatment on insomnia is to smooth the Liver while to harmonize the Stomach and(or) to relieve restlessness with uneasiness of mind. It is no less than the article "WenbingTiaobian" saying:"Treatment on exopathy should be like the general leading troops, while on internal diseases should be like the prime minister organizing administration. Treatment in the upper Energizer should be like holding feather, in the middle Energizer should be like adjusting balance, and in the lower Energizer should be like weighing heaviness".