| Research background Hepatitis B is caused by hepatitis B virus infection can lead to chronic liver disease, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which is one of serious infectious diseases in people, many families in China is also an important cause of poverty caused by illness, impact on social stability and economic development can not be ignored, is an important public health problem in China the national legal infectious disease report management information system data show that the number of hepatitis B cases reported annually has been ranked in the forefront of 37 kinds of infectious diseases report. Since the introduction of hepatitis B vaccine from China in 1984, the government has worked out a comprehensive prevention and control strategies for vaccination based, continuous efforts to strengthen the prevention and control of hepatitis B in.1992 Health Department of hepatitis B vaccine into children’s immunization management,2002 to hepatitis B vaccine into children’s immunization program,2005 neonatal hepatitis B vaccination free, neonatal hepatitis B The inoculation rate of vaccine and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine throughout the timely vaccination rate of hepatitis B vaccine increased year by year. After the promotion of the implementation and application of more than ten years, the data show China of hepatitis B virus carrying rate declined from 9.75% in 2006 to 7.18% in 1992, the population of Shandong province hepatitis B virus carrying rate decreased from 6.40% to 3.39%, hepatitis B vaccine inoculation effect is very significant. At this stage, mother to child transmission routes of transmission of hepatitis B virus becomes important, after the birth of 24h in time. The first vaccination of hepatitis B vaccine is an important measure to block mother to child transmission of hepatitis B virus in Laoling city. From the beginning to the end in accordance with the strategy of hepatitis B vaccination in Shandong province will adhere to the priority among priorities of hepatitis B vaccine into the immunization program the city of Laoling. However, some of the rural areas due to the geographical location and the development of special relative backwardness and other reasons, the crowd still accounts for hepatitis B virus carriers A certain proportion, normal healthy population and the proportion of the population did not establish against hepatitis B virus immune barrier, timely inoculation of hepatitis B vaccine in children in the whole course vaccination rate and the first dose of hepatitis B vaccine rate still needs to be improved.Research objective For understanding, Laoling City, rural areas in 2014 viral hepatitis epidemic situation, Laoling City, rural area of hepatitis B vaccination for, evaluation, Laoling City, rural hepatitis B vaccine immunization strategy implementation effect, in a timely manner is to adjust, Laoling City, rural area of hepatitis B prevention and control strategy to provide a scientific basis for, to carry out this investigation.Research method Laoling city in 2014 as the fourth national hepatitis B serological survey points to participate in the survey. The survey by the CDC in China village probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling method for the town of Yang-an and Hua-lou in Laoling. Two villages every village to survey 234, investigation the number of objects in 1-4 years,5-14 years,15-29 years and 30-59 years respectively statistics, a total of 542 people as the research object, to carry out the survey and collection of blood samples for the hepatitis B virus surface antigen of specimens by ELISA method, the hepatitis B virus surface antibody, hepatitis B virus core antibody, hepatitis B virus antigen detection of hepatitis B virus e antibody using Epi Data3.1 software to establish database, in strict accordance with the principles of unified entry double entry. Using Excel 2003, SPSS 19.0 statistical software for statistical analysis.Research results This investigation of the HBsAg epidemic in 2014 in rural areas of Laoling city was 2.93%, compared with the positive rate of HBsAg in rural areas of the 2006 national population survey of 7.43% and the national population HBsAg positive rate of 7.18%, has decreased significantly. In rural areas of Laoling city at the age of 1-4,5-14 and 15-59 age groups of anti-HBs prevalence rates were 73.83% 48.41%, and 34.28%, all age groups of children in anti-HBs has reached a higher level. The rural area of Laoling City 1-59 year old the vaccination rate was 57.32%, of which 1-14 years old,15-59 year old the vaccination rate were 88.41%,27.76%, hepatitis B vaccination of children under 15 years old of the relatively high rate of.1-4 years old.5-14, the 15-59 age group had immunization history of hepatitis B vaccine anti-HBs prevalence rates were 79.38%,54.13%,77.94%.Conclusion and Significance The survey results show that popular in rural areas of Laoling city in 2014 hepatitis B rate is low; in people with higher positive rate of anti-HBs, especially children group anti-HBs positive rate increased significantly; the hepatitis B vaccination of children under 15 years old the rate has reached a higher level. The result of the survey reveals the epidemic after hepatitis B vaccination positive the rate of HBsAg and hepatitis B rate were significantly decreased, the crowd anti-HBs level has been greatly improved. In recent years, the prevention and control of hepatitis B in rural area of Laoling city has achieved remarkable results, hepatitis B vaccination has obvious effect, improve the ability of population against hepatitis B virus, immune barrier has been gradually established. Hepatitis B vaccination is hepatitis B virus infection in Laoling city rural area population control in the most direct, the most effective measures. We should further improve the hepatitis B vaccine in rural population of Laoling City Inoculation rate, has an important significance to improve the immune protection ability of the rural population of hepatitis B virus. |
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