The Study On Hypoglycemic Meachanism Of Small Molecule Polysaccharides From Momordica Based On RNA-seq Tran- Scription

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic diseases caused by multiple factors and genetic syndrome, is the relative lack of insulin or absolute lack of insulin and characterized by elevated fasting glucose. Diabetes is mainly divided into two types:type Ⅰ and type Ⅰ, the latter accounts for about 95% in patients with diabetes. Diabetes cases in China has the worlds first, therefore looking for a safer hypoglycemic drugs is becoming extremely urgent. The study found that polysaccharides have hypoglycemic function, and the present study mainly plant polysaccha-rides or fungi polysaccharides, a large number of studies shown that plant polysaccharides has more secure biological effects in treatment of diabetes mellitus.Polysaccharides from Momordica charantia (MCP) has broad medical value, and pharmacological effects covers anti-oxidation, anti-tumor, enhance immunity, antidiabetics, et al. But the complexity of the polysaccharide components, make it difficult to determine which is a active component, and structure analysis of active components are unfavorable. In the experiment, author adopt 50℃ water extract-alcohol precipitation to extract the MCP. The DEAE-52 column chromatography method for the separation of polysaccharide components and combined with Sephadex G-100 to identify the purity of each component, they were re-spectively named MCP Ⅰ, MCP Ⅱ and MCP Ⅲ. At last, author use gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to parse its spatial structure, according to the ion peak and debris peak and monosaccharide composition can be obtained the main glycosidic bond links of the pol-ysaccharide isl,3,4-Rha,1,4-p-Glc,1,3-p-Gal,1,3,4-p-Glc and a few of xylose and arabinose, the molecular weight is 43929 Dalton.The experiment select 3T3-L1 preadipocyte for cell culture and cell differentiation used hormone, establishing the insulin resistance (IR) cellular model and select MCP Ⅱ with hy-poglycemic activity. The author have builded type Ⅱ diabetes rats model to test hypoglyce-mic effect and antioxidant activity of the MCP Ⅱ a. At last, the author take RNA-seq tran-scriptome to analysis the hypoglycemic mechanism of MCP Ⅱ a.The study found that MCP Ⅱ a mainly through regulating lipid utilization to regulate blood lipid levels, and improve the symptoms of lipid metabolic disorder in diabetes. Through raising insulin receptor(INR), glucose transporters(GLUT), inositol phosphate ki-nase and NADP to activation the PI3K/AKT signal pathway, its can enhance the glucose transport and use, reducing storage of excess glucose. At the same time increase the epider-mal growth factor, then stat the signal cascade, promote the intracellular Ca2+, increase gly-colysis progress. MCP Ⅱ also enhance the body’s immune response and reduce the body ox- idative damage to control type 2 diabetes lower blood sugar.