Chemical Constituents Of Dai Medicines Adhatoda Vasica Nees And Vitex Trifolia L.

This thesis goes in four chapters, the chemical constituents of the stems of Adhatoda vasica Nees and the fruits of Vitex trifolia L. were investigated in chapter one and two. Twenty-seven compounds, including three new ones and a new natural product, were isolated from the above two species, all the isolates were obtained by various advanced separation and purification techniques, their structures were eluci- dated by physical and chemical properties, together with extensive spectroscopic analysis. Structural type of these compounds involved alkaloids, diterpenes, flavones, steroids and aliphatic acids, et al. The advances about the two plants, including the application and cognition of traditional Chinese medicine and Dai medicine, chemi- cal constituents, biological activities and clinical application, are summarized in chapter three and four.Mo Ha Hao, a Dai medicine which is used for a long time, is Adhatoda vasica Nees and has the functions of clearing fire, disinhibiting water, relieving swelling and pain and promoting reunion of fractured bones. Modern research indicates that it is a potential drug for neurodegenerative diseases. The standard of this plant’s leaves was documented in Yunnan Traditional Chinese Meicine Standard, but lacked the content determination. To promote the quality standrad of this medicine and lay the material foundation of pharmacological and clinical researches about the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, the chemical constituents were investigated. Fourteen compounds, of which the structures is composed of quinolone alkaloids and flavones, were isolated from the dry rhizoma of Mo Ha Hao, among them, compound 3,11-dihydroxypyrazino[1,2-a:4,5-a’]diquinazoline-7,15(5H,13H)-dione(5), 2,10-dihydroxypyrazino[2,1-b:5,4-b’]diquinazoline-6,14(8H,16H)-dione(6), pyrazino[2,1-b:5,4-b’]diquinazoline-6,14(8H,16H)-dione(7) were new quinolone alkaloids; 4-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-pentanone(8) was a new natural product; 3,5-dimethoxy-4-hydroxybenzyl alcohol 4-O-β-D-glucopyranoside(9), apigenin-7-O-β-D-apiofruranosyl-(1→6)-β-D-glucopyranoside(10), adenine(11), 2-(4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)ethyl β-D-glucopyranoside(12) were isolated from this plants for the first time.Guan Di, a Dai medicine, is Vitex trifolia L. in Traditional Chinese Medicine. All parts of this plant, such as roots, stems, leaves, fruits, called Guan Di, which could be used as medicine solely or together, are necessary traditional drugs to treat common diseases in Dai People. This drug is applied to treat headache, hemiplegia, arthritis, et al. In order to confirm the active constituents of this plant in Dai medicine and strengthen the scientific application of it as a Dai medicine, thirteen compounds were isolated from its alcohol extracts. The structures of these compounds are labdane-type diterpenes, flavones, plant sterols and aliphatic acids.The advances about the two above plants, which including the application and cognition of traditional Chinese medicine and Dai medicine, chemical constituents, biological activity and clinical application, are summarized in chapter three and four by literature investigations and field trips.