Analysis Of Dietary Nutrient Intake And Dietary Pattern In Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Objective:To investigate and evaluate the nutritional status and dietary pattern of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus, provide the basis for medical nutrition therapy of gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods:Using food frequency questionnaire method and 24 hour dietary recall method investigate the nutritional status of dietary intake in 1 years of 150 cases from Xinjiang Urumqi maternal and child health hospital obstetrics outpatient, makes regular antenatal examination, was singleton primiparous GDM women in 24 to 28 weeks of gestation.Results:1. Compared to the Dietary pagoda for pregnancy women in the second trimester recommended by Chinese Nutrition Society,intake of fish and shrimp and dairy products are slightly less than the recommended amount, while,the average daily intake of fruit, nuts and beans, oil and salt slightly larger than the recommended amount. Cereals, vegetables, cereals and potato kind of meat and eggs intake is appropriate.2. Compared with the second trimester pregnant women RNI,GDM women’s energy, carbohydrate, fat, phosphorus,vitamin C and sodium intake was slightly higher than the recommended amount.Other nutrients intake is close to RNI requirements.3. Eight dietary patterns were established and labeled to high-quality protein pattern(mainly dairy products, eggs, meat and poultry),beverage pattern(mainly beverage and fish),greasy pattern(mainly fried foods, nuts and animal guts),Staple food model pattern(mainly rice, flour), Coarse Cereals and bean pattern(mainly beans andgrains),potatoes and fruit pattern(mainly potatoes and fruit),vegetables and mushrooms pattern(mainly vegetables and mushrooms)and dessert pattern(dessert and pickles). 4. The intake of fruit too much for dietary patterns represent pregnant women with GDM and low intake for mlik and fish. Inadequate intake of vitamin B6,vitamin B12,folic acid,calcium and iodine. 5. There is a difference in dessert pattern score for GDM women in different age distribution(P?0.05);There is a difference in Coarse Cereals and bean pattern score for GDM women in different occupation distribution(P?0.05);high-quality protein pattern and greasy pattern score of GDM women with higher monthly income higher than the other two groups GDM women(P?0.05);vegetables and mushrooms pattern Scores of GDM women with a family history hypertension and diabetes higher than those without family history of GDM women(P?0.05).Conclusion:GDM women’s dietary structure is not reasonable,leading to the imbalance of some nutrients intake.The dietary patterns of GDM women can be divided into eight main types.There are imbalance of diet in dietary pattern represents among GDM women,high energy, high fat, low dietary fiber, low calcium and low iodine nutrient intake.Pregnant women of different age, occupation, family monthly income and the family history of diabetes and hypertension preferred to different dietary patterns.