| Objective: To analyze the common causes and the clinical features of vertigo patients.Methods: Collected 560 cases of in-patient with vertigo from oct.2014 to oct.2015, according to clinical symptoms, combining with head CT/MRI, TCD, CA and Dix-Hallpike test,vestibular function and so on,retrospectively summarized the clinical characteristics and analyzed the etiology.Results:(1)Among 560 cases of patients with vertigo, 400 cases(72%) were central vestibular vertigo. 91 cases(16%) had peripheral vestibular vertigo; 17 cases(3%) had psychogenic vertigo; 16 cases(3%) had vertigo relative to systemic diseases; 36 cases(6%) had agnogenic vertigo.(2)322 cases(57.5%) of male patients, 238 cases(42.5%) of female patients, the distribution and gender differences of vertigo disease were statistically significant(x2=36.727, P<0.05).(3) Among 560 cases of patients with vertigo,the youngest was 15-year- old, the oldest was 92-year-old, mean age 61.04 years old, the peak incidence of age mainly concentrated in the age between 50~69, the age distribution differences of all kinds of vertigo disease were statistically significant(x2=11.081, P < 0.05).(4)The differences of duration on common 12 kinds of vertigo disease were statistically significant(x2=139.695, p<0.05);The differences of position change among vertigo diseases were statistically significant(x2=75.298, P < 0.05).(5)The common simultaneous phenomenons: nausea and vomiting, a total of 451 cases(80.5%); followed by visual rotation accounted for 325 cases(58%); headache,201 cases(35.9%);nystagmus,120cases(21.4%); tinnitus,83 cases(14.8%);hearing loss,29 cases(5.2%);(6) Combined diseases respectively were: hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smokingand drinking history, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease, exposure rate were 66.8%, 48%, 41.6%, 48%, 33.9%, 29.1%, 25.2%, the results showed that the medical history and vertigo disease were mutual independence, it had no statistically significant differences(x2=15.452, P> 15.452).(7) head MRI/CT showed that the most common lesion was lacunar cerebral infarction, 221 cases(39.5%),followed by acute cerebellar infarction 112 cases(20%), acute brain stem infarction 77 cases(13.7%), 66 cases(11.8%) in the control group and the others(15%).(8)TCD examination presented vascular stenosis as the main positive results, involving the central vestibular vertigo, 233 cases(41.6%), followed by periphery vestibular vertigo 15 cases(16.5%), systemic disease associated vertigo 2 cases(12.5%);CA inspection results were divided into four kinds: normal, patches, carotid artery and posterior circulation stenosis, bilateral vertebral artery hypoplasia; patches forming on carotid artery, a total of 406 cases(72.5%), followed by vascular stenosis, vertebral artery hypoplasia, normal, accounted for 208 cases(37.1%), 124 cases(22.1%), 123 cases(22%).Conclusions: Incidence of vertigo patients from high to low in turns as follows: the central vestibular vertigo, peripheral vestibular vertigo, agnogenic, psychogenic vertigo, vertigo relative to systemic disease. Vertigo occurrence increased with the age, 60-69 years as the peak onset age. Gender differences of vertigo in the peripheral vestibular and psychogenic vertigo are most obvious, women are more than men, and more prominent in middle-aged group. The most common accompanying symptoms of vertigo are nausea and vomiting, followed by visual rotation, headache, nystagmus, tinnitus, hearing loss. The duration and the position change are useful in the diagnosis of vertigo disease. Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are the most common complications, and the medical history and vertigo disease are mutual independence. Head MRI/CT and TCD/CA are useful for the diagnosis of central vestibular vertigo; the results of CA Inspection show that the most common lesions are patches forming on carotid artery; bilateral vertebral artery hypoplasia requires further attention. |
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