| Objective:To understand maternal childbirth way and puerperal investigation in the hospital of qiqihaer city. Analysis the influence factors of different delivery methods, improve the state of childbirth way, provides an important reference basis for reducing cesarean section rate. Method:During January 2014 to June 2015, maternity ward in the hospital and medical records of 715 cases of maternal questionnaire and her husband were collected from the second hospital of qiqihaer city. the General conditions, prenatal and postnatal conditions on maternal and fetal and neonatal and so on carries were statised and analyzed the basic condition of the impact on the delivery way. Excel is adopted to establish the database, carried out a statistical analysis using SPSS20.0 statistical software system, the difference was statistically significant(P < 0.05). Result:1.715 cases of maternal as investigation object, the han nationality accounts for 86.44%, manchu, hui, Korean, and other minorities accounted for 13.56%; Urban residents accounted for 55.24%, rural accounted for 13.71%; Annual household income of perinatal women mostly in 50000 ~ 100000 yuan, accounting for 48.53%; The aged of 18 ~ 25 years old accounted for 30.90%. The aged of 26 ~ 30 years old accounted for 33.01%.The aged of 31 ~ 35 years old accounted for 29.23%, more than 35 years old accounted for 6.86%.2. Analysis of demographic factors on maternal age and chi-square test(x2 = 214.137, P < 0.001), there were statistical significance and cesarean delivery of maternal age were old; Between the minorities were not different between cesarean delivery rate(x2= 8.818, P > 0.05); Different places to live in maternal cesarean delivery rate have significant difference(x2 = 87.456, P < 0.05) in high proportion of people living in cities cesarean delivery.3. The analysis of different occupation, culture, income, career choice mode of production has significant differences,(x2 = 31.661, P < 0.001) manual laborers choose natural birth ratio were high; Chi-square test for educational level have statistically significant(x2 = 8.557, P < 0.05); Family economic conditions using chi-square have statistically significant(x2 = 36.837, P < 0.001), and choose cesarean delivery people income level were high.4. People enjoy medical insurance in the survey and without medical insurance of natural birth and cesarean section maternal were used chi-square(P > 0.05), so any medical insurance for natural delivery and cesarean section maternal were no difference.5. Accept among perinatal stage of care have significant influence on choice mode of production; there were statistically significant in Chi-square test(x2= 30.459, P < 0.001).6. Understanding of the knowledge of maternal and prenatal maternal inspections are different(x2 = 6.490, x2= 243.242, P < 0.05), knowledge maternal women choose natural birth rate were high; Maternal frequency have significant difference, in pregnant women school and natural childbirth puerpera training more frequently in pregnant women school.7. Social human factors:family factors(x2 = 0.397, P > 0.05), choose birth time(x2 =3.557, P > 0.05), worry about postpartum sexual life(x2 = 2.329, P > 0.05), there were no difference.worry about fetal safety were statistically significant(x2 = 23.518, P < 0.001).8. The influence of psychological factors on the delivery option: prenatal stress(x2=0.918, P > 0.05), painful(x2 = 0.005, P > 0.05),there were no statistical difference; Childbirth fear(x2 = 12.772, P < 0.001), there were statistical significance, childbirth fear is the main reason for the rising cesarean delivery rate.9. This survey the pregnancy childbirth as a result, the cesarean section was 56.22%, natural childbirth was 43.78%.10. Complications of maternal perinatal patients and without complications of maternal in chi-square test(x2 = 44.963, P < 0.001), the high rate of maternal line were associated with pregnancy complications.11. Maternal pregnancy complications compared with no complications of maternal have significant difference(x2 = 23.534, P < 0.001), the ratio of cesarean section was high significantly in complications of maternal response patients.12.Impact on puerperal childbirth way, natural childbirth puerpera in postpartum perineal edema is significantly higher than the ratio of cesarean delivery person(x2= 267.470, P < 0.001); Cesarean section was significantly lower than the number of breastfeeding natural birth(x2 = 39.180, P < 0.001); Delivery way for postpartum lochia(x2= 0.0714, P > 0.05), postpartum infection(x2= 0.679, P > 0.05), and uterine instauration(x2 = 1.014, P > 0.05) were no statistical significance.13.Fetal factors analysis: the fetal intrauterine distress occurred(x2 = 12.164, P < 0.001), macrosomia(x2= 6.722, P < 0.05), multiple pregnancies(x2 = 10.313, P < 0.001), abnormal position(x2= 8.126, P < 0.05), precious son(x2 = 5.769, P < 0.05), and umbilical cord around the neck(x2 = 12.833, P < 0.001), there are differences, cesarean section rate were significantly increased. Conclusion:1. The high level of education, institution, city residents, higher economic income and age of 26 years old people choosing cesarean delivery rate is high.2.Maternal knowledge, participate in pregnant women school frequency of maternal choosing natural birth rate is high.3.Maternal fear fetal safety is the main factors to choose of cesarean section delivery in social factors.4. Fear Childbirth choosing cesarean delivery rate is high in psychological factors.5. The cesarean delivery rate is 56.22%, natural childbirth is 43.78% in the survey.6. Medical factors of pregnancy complications, complications, fetal factors selection palace to produce birth rate.7. Natural birth mother’s milk feeding rate is high.Based on the above conclusion, we should strengthen the management of the maternal system, popularize scientific knowledge, improve propaganda on the prenatal education, encourage healthy maternal take natural childbirth for natural birth, advocating natural childbirth regression, promote maternal and child health. |
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