The Associatioin Between Body Composition And Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Objective:Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) is a classic indicator of arterial stiffness. This study was to investigate the association between baPWV and body composition in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods:480 T2DM patients were recruited in this cross-sectional study. We compared the clinical characteristics among different baPWV groups and among different types of obesity groups. Pearson correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis were used to analyse risk factors of baPWV. All data were performed using SPSS version 19.0, P< 0.05 or P<0.01 was defined statistical significance.Result:Compared to the group with baPWV<1800cm/s, the group with baPWV≥1800cm/s had significantly higher total percent fat, Trunk limb fat mass ratio, abdominal fat, visceral fat and significantly lower leg lean mass (P<0.05). Higher baPWV were found in simple visceral obesity group (BMI<25kg/m2, visceral fat area ≥100cm2) and over weight+ visceral obesity group (BMI<25kg/m2, visceral fat area≥100cm2) in comparison with the control group (P<0.01). While there was no significant difference between simple visceral obesity group and over weight+visceral obesity group (P=0.603). After adjustment for age, partial correlation analysis showed significant correlation between baPWV and hypertension history (r=0.351, P=0.008), HDL-C (r=-0.385, P=0.003), hsCRP (r=0.337, P=0.011), SBP (r=0.569, P<0.01), DBP (r=0.447, P=0.001), abdominal fat (r=0.114, P=0.028), visceral fat (r=0.324, P=0.015). The correlation between baPWV and body composition disappeared after adjustment for SBP and heart rate in multiple linear regression analysis. Finally, age, SBP and heart beat were independently associated with baPWV.Conclusion:1. baPWV is associated with visceral fat accumulation in T2DM patients.2. Even in those who are not overweight, visceral obesity may significantly associated with elevated arterial stiffness.3. Abdominal subcutaneous fat and leg lean mass may be protective factors for arterial elasticity.4. The correlation between baPWV and body composition may be mediated by SBP and heart rate.