| Objective: Aged 60 and above current situation and influencing factors of chronic diseases in the elderly, to nanchang comprehensive prevention and control of chronic diseases in the elderly and health management scientific and feasible policy Suggestions are put forward.Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling method, a random sample of nanchang city four boroughs 36 neighborhood street offices or 12 township or village committee in 3355 cases of communit y elderly; To the situation of chronic diseases of the elderly and its influencing factors were investigated. With EIPI software entry,and the mean, standard deviation, relative to descriptive statistics data, at the same time, the χ2 test and Logistic regression analysis is used for statistical inference.Results:(1) A survey of 3355 cases of the elderly community. Nanchang community elderly two week prevalence rate was 21.0%, two weeks after the standardized prevalence rate of 20.51%. Sick for two weeks before the press disease to plant five as follows: high blood pressure, upper respiratory tract infection, headache and dizziness and vertigo, arthritis, esophageal and gastric and duodenal diseases;According to the system top five as follows: circulatory system disease, respirator y disease, muscular and skeletal systems, and connective tissue disease, digestive system diseases, symptoms, signs and clinical and laboratory abnormalities seen disease. Nanchang community elderly chronic disease prevalence rate was 52.7%, the standardized after chronic disease prevalence rate was 52.27%. Prevalence of chronic diseases before the press disease to plant five as follows: high blood pressure,diabetes, heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, esophagus, stomach and duodenum diseases; According to the system top five as follows: circulatory system disease,endocrine, nutritional and metabolic disease, muscular and skeletal systems andconnective tissue diseases, diseases of the digestive system, respiratory system disease.(2) The nanchang cit y elderly chronic disease epidemic situation: qingyun spectrum area community old people, the highest to the lowest level in the bay area communit y elderly people in different parts of the chronic diseases prevalence of significant difference(χ2= 65.998, P < 0.001); Chronic disease prevalence rate of 54.3% in men and 54.3% women with different gender but there was no difference in the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly(χ2= 3.090, P > 3.090); In a 80-89 years old group of chronic disease prevalence rate up to 58.8%, 90-99 age group of chronic disease prevalence rate 44.0%, lowest chronic disease prevalence differences between different age groups significantly(χ2= 30.374, P < 0.001); Different career of old age chronic disease prevalence to unemployed or unemployment rates 63.2%, the highest prealence of housework 41.1% minimum, significant difference was found in different occupations of chronic disease prevalence(χ2= 80.493, P < 0.001); The elderly chronic disease prevalence rate of different cultural levels, no difference(χ2=8.304, P > 0.05); The elderly chronic disease prevalence of different medical securit y system in public health care system of the elderly chronic disease prevalence rate58.8%, the highest other medical and health system of the elderly chronic disease prevalence rate 35.1% minimum, significant difference was found in different health care system of the elderly chronic disease prevalence rate(χ2= 41.849, P < 0.001);Different marital status but there was no difference in the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly(χ2= 2.520, P > 2.520).(3) The popularity of nanchang community elderly hypertension status: hypertension prevalence rate was 42.7%, different regional distribution in qingyu n spectrum area community elderly 49.4%, the highest lake the community elderly 38.3% minimum,significant difference between different regions(χ2= 23.761, P < 0.001);Hypertension prevalence rate of 44.8% in men and 44.8% women hypertensionprevalence, female hypertension prevalence rate is higher than male(χ2= 5.592, P <0.05), the elderly hypertension prevalence rate of different gender significant difference; The highest 80-89- year- old age hyp ertension prevalence rate of 49.5%,more than 90 years old and prevalence of 36.0% minimum, different age range hypertension prevalence rate difference is significant(χ2= 27.315, P < 0.001);Different professional elderly hypertension prevalence in turn in the highest jobless or unemplo yed people hypertension prevalence rate 50.8%, housework personnel hypertension prevalence rate 32.6% minimum, significant difference was found in hypertension prevalence rate of different occupations(χ2= 55.286, P < 0.001); The elderly hypertension prevalence rate of different cultural levels, no difference(χ2=4.651, P > 0.05); Different health care system the elderly hypertension prevalence in turn in the public health care system of the elderly hypertension prevalence rate49.0%, the highest elderly hypertension prevalence rate 31.9% minimum other health-care system, different health care system significant difference was found in the elderly hypertension prevalence rate(χ2= 22.274, P < 0.001); There was no significant difference rate of elderly hypertension risk of marital status(χ2= 4.416,P > 4.416).(4) The popularity of nanchang community elderly diabetes status: diabetes prevalence of 12.4%, in different areas to qingyun spectrum area community elderly14.2%, the highest in the bay area community elderly 8.9% minimum; Significant difference between different regions(χ2= 12.026, P < 0.005); The elderly diabetes prevalence of different sex difference(χ2= 0.392, P > 0.392); No difference of different age range diabetes(χ2= 3.630, P > 0.05); The elderly diabetes prevalence of different cultural levels to 16.0% the highest level of education and high school college culture are the lowest level of 8.8%, the elderly diabetes prevalence of different cultural levels have obvious difference(χ2= 27.315, P < 0.05); The elderly diabetes prevalence in different health care system to public health care system of theelderly diabetes prevalence of 18.6% is the highest, other health care system of the elderly diabetes prevalence of 7.4% minimum, significant difference was found in the elderly diabetes among different health-care system(χ2= 21.359, P < 0.001); There was no significant difference of different marital status elderly diabetes(χ2= 6.193,P > 6.193);(5) The unconditioned Logistic regression analysis found that the impact of risk factors for chronic diseases in the elderly are: the older you get, the higher the prevalence of chronic diseases(β = 0.267, P < 0.001); Different occupational groups of people with authority and business unit personnel prevalence is higher(P < 0.001);Different medical care system 4 chronic disease prevalence rate(P < 0.001),compared to out-of-pocket medical subjects, share share medical treatment at public expenses, town worker is basic medical treatment, urban residents basic medical bearer share the new farming and health care system prevalence is higher; BMI is bigger, the more vulnerable to chronic maladies that obese people suffering from chronic diseases(β = 0.311, P < 0.001); Outgoing higher risk(β = 0.103, P < 0.05);Often feel nervous vulnerable to chronic maladies(β = 0.607, P < 0.001); Taste over-emphasize vulnerable to chronic maladies(β = 0.189, P < 0.05); Physical examination frequency is the most vulnerable to chronic maladies(β = 0.196, P <0.05); The vegetable intake more junior vulnerable to chronic maladies(β = 0.220, P< 0.05).(6) The unconditioned Logistic regression analysis found that the influencing factors of hypertension in the elderly are: age, hypertension prevalence rate is higher(β =0.324, P < 0.001); Different occupational groups of people with authority and business unit personnel prevalence is higher(P < 0.001); BMI is susceptible to hypertension, obese people are predisposed to high blood pressure(β = 0.369, P <0.001); Often feel tension was susceptible to hypertension(β = 0.583, P < 0.001);Taste over-emphasize susceptible to hyp ertension(β = 0.246, P < 0.05); Physicalexamination frequency high susceptibility to hypertension(β = 0.166, P < 0.05); Have a family history of hypertension who are predisposed to high blood pressure(P <0.001).(7) Multiple factors analysis found that affect the elderly diabetes risk factors are: the different occupational groups of people with authority and business unit personnel prevalence is higher(P < 0.05); BMI, the greater the susceptible to diabetes, obese people with diabetes(β = 0.170, P < 0.001); Smokers susceptible to diabetes(P <0.05); A passive smokers susceptible to diabetes(β = 0.348, P < 0.005); Often feel nervous was susceptible to diabetes(β = 0.470, P < 0.005); Physical examination frequency high susceptibility to diabetes(β = 0.435, P < 0.05); The average daily intake of fruit outsiders are predisposed to diabetes mellitus(β = 0.253, P < 0.005);Milk and dairy intake the bulls are predisposed to diabetes(β = 0.204, P < 0.005);Have a strong family history of diabetes was susceptible to diabetes(P < 0.001).Conclusion:(1) The nanchang city community elderly chronic disease prevalence, hypertension prevalence, diabetes prevalence are below the national average, chronic diseases, top 5 disease similar to the elderly slow disease spectrum,the integrated control of chronic diseases should be focused on high blood pressure and diabetes.(2) For chronic disease prevalence in the elderly: to qingyun spectrum area old man the highest prevalence rate; The higher the age; Highest professional departments and institutions in personnel; No degree of culture, gender, marital status difference; High blood pressure and diabetes epidemic situation similar to total chronic diseases.(3) The factors influencing the nanchang the old total of chronic illnesses are: age; The crowd in state organs and institutions personnel prevalence is higher; Different medical care system 4 chronic disease prevalence rate(P < 0.001),compared to out-of-pocket medical subjects, share share medical treatment at public expenses, town worker is basic medical treatment, urban residents basic medical bearer share the new farming and health care system prevalence is higher; The greater the BMI; An outgoing personality; Often feel nervous; Taste over-emphasize; A medical high frequency; The vegetable intake more junior.(4) Combining with thecharacteristics of the popularity of nanchang slow disease in the elderly and influence factors of advice: different regions should slow the disease prevention and control measures put forward suitable for local features; Key to variable risk factors for the policy, such as:(1) Strictly controlling the weight, as far as possible to reduce overweight and obesity;(2)The changes in eating habits and rules, promote the bland diet, pay attention to eat meals regularly, increase vegetable and fruit intake;(3)Strengthen quitting alcohol strategy, pay attention to the influence of passive smoking, further expand smoke-free environment and its creation and scope;(4)Keep comfortable cheerful mood, avoid long-term nervous, may control the mood to produce volatile or less fluctuation; 5. Older residents to actively healthy check-up regularly, in order to do preventive; Ultimately achieve the goal of improve the efficiency of the elderly chronic disease prevention and control. |
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