Content Variation Of The Three Kinds Of Functional Components In Ligularia Schmidtii(Maxim.) Makino During Different Picking Periods And Study On The Functions

Any of various asteraceae perennial herbaceous plants of the genus Ligularia Cass, there are about 129 varieties all over the world, 112 varieties in China, some of which are famous export vegetables and fodder plants of Yanbian, with typical national regional characteristics, also the folk herbs in Korean and Jilin province, its root and rhizome can be medicine, with the functions of stopping cough and phlegm, dispelling wind and eliminating dampness and so on. In this study, Ligularia schmidtii Makino being used as the material, flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharide were respectively extracted through ultrasonic extraction, ethanol extraction and hot water extraction, then determined the contents of the three kinds of substance. To explore the changing rules of the contents of polysaccharide, flavonoids and saponins in different harvest period of Ligularia schmidtii Makino, each active components in different concentrations extracted from Ligularia schmidtii Makino and Ligularia schmidtii Makino boiled liquid picking from different period were used to the research of hypoglycemic action, gastric mucosa protection and bacteriostasis, to study differences among the three functional components in Ligularia schmidtii Makino picking from different harvest period. Aimed at finding out the best functional growth period of the Ligularia schmidtii Makino, and has the vital significance to the development of natural functional health food. The results as follows:(1)The analysis of contents of the flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharide in Ligularia schmidtii Makino picking from different harvest period showed that flavonoids and polysaccharides in material accumulated as the picking period of Ligularia schmidtii Makino change, reached a peak and then declined, the content of flavonoids reached the highest of 25.5mg/g when Ligularia schmidtii Makino were picked in late June, the content of polysaccharide reached the highest of 289.06mg/g when Ligularia schmidtii Makino were picked in the middle of June, content of saponins gradually decreased over time, and it reached the highest of 18.87mg/g when Ligularia schmidtii Makino were picked in the middle of May.(2)During the study of hypoglycemic by each active components in Ligularia schmidtii Makino, the flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharides all showed good hypoglycemic effect. The blood sugar levels in mice of middle-dose group of polysaccharide fell by 36.01% in 20 days. The blood sugar levels in mice of high-dose group of flavonoids fell by 26.85% in 20 days, blood sugar levels in mice of high-dose group of saponins fell by 24.41% in 20 days.(3)Apply the Ligularia schmidtii Makino boiled liquid made from different harvest period to diabetic model mice and normal mice, and the fasting blood sugar and serum insulin levels inmice, the content of hepatic glycogen and muscle glycogen content and glucose tolerance were analyzed, it turned that Ligularia schmidtii Makino picking from different harvest period could reduce the fasting blood glucose levels of diabetic mice in different extent, increase the content of liver glycogen and muscle glycogen, and can ease the alloxan damage effect of islet beta cells in mice to a certain extent; It also can improve the glucose tolerance of normal mice in different extent; The Ligularia schmidtii Makino picked in June has the most significant effect to reduce blood-glucose, the dropping value could reach 35.66% in 20 days. And the contents of polysaccharide and flavonoids in Ligularia schmidtii Makino harvested during this period were higher than in other periods.(4)The protection study of all kinds of active components to gastric mucosa in mice, flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharides have showed certain protective effect on gastric mucosa, in terms of protection, flavonoids showed the strongest effect, then the polysaccharides, and the saponins last. The inhibition rate of gastric mucosa damage of flavonoids could reach 32.19, the inhibition rate of gastric mucosa damage of saponins could reach 12.32,and the polysaccharides could reach 27.18.(5)Apply the Ligularia schmidtii Makino boiled liquid made from different harvest period to the protection study of gastric mucosa damage, the results showed that the Ligularia schmidtii Makino harvested during June showed good effect on gastric mucosa protection. Among them, the gastric mucosal protective effect made by Ligularia schmidtii Makino picked in late June is the best with the inhibition rate of 48.07% of gastric mucosal injury in mice caused by ethanol, make the content of both SOD and GSH in gastric mucosa in mice increased significantly, the content of MDA decreased obviously. The content of flavonoids, saponins and polysaccharide in Ligularia schmidtii Makino harvest during this period is relatively high, respectively was 25.5 mg, 15.0 mg/g and 198.1 mg/g/g.(6)The ethanol extracts of Ligularia schmidtii Makino has certain antibacterial activity to e. coli, s. glucose staphylococcus aureus, salmonella, salmonella typhimurium and bacillus cereus, the circle diameter of salmonella bacteria and bacillus cereus bacteriostatic is relatively large with the diameter of 11.0mm,and then the staphylococcus aureus and salmonella typhimurium with the diameter of 10.5mm, the concentration of bacteriostatic circle of e. coli is minimum with the diameter of 10.0mm.