Study On Chemical Constituents Of Syngnathus Acus Linn

The Syngnathus acus Linn is an animal of the Chordata, Subclass Osteichthyes, Class Thalattosauria, family Syngnathidae, widely distributed in the coastal areas of Chana. The pharmacognostic sea dragon which is recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2010, originated from the species of Solenognathus hardwickii, Syngnathus acus Linn and Syngnathoides biaculeatus, besides,every edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia describes the sources and characters of Syngnathus acus Linn. The chemical constituents research of the Syngnathus acus Linn began in 1980s. The researchers explored the component identification of Syngnathus acus Linn by GC-MS,detection of the main chemical composition of steroids and aliphatic acids moreover the DHA and EPA account for 31%. The work of extraction and separation for Syngnathus acus Linn began in 1990s for the first time, in consequence,18 compounds have been discovered, including 11 steroids,3 aliphatic acids,1 higher alcohol, esters and chrysophanol. The research of Syngnathus acus Linn showed great homone-like activities, anti-aging activities, anti-cancer activities, anti-fatigue activities, immunity enhancement activities, strengthening myocardial contractility activities, treatment arthralgia, lower cholesterol activities and other effects, which showed rich chemical diversity and potential research value of drugs.Research on Syngnathus acus Linn mostly tended to pharmacognosy morphology,chemical components,and pharmacological activities of the crude extract.There exist few reports on content determination.The Syngnathus acus Linn also named Qian chuanzi, small dragon and pipefish, widely distributed in the coastal areas of Chana, especially rich in Hanan, Shandong and Zhejiang provinces. Previously,we have done qualitative research and established the fingerprint of Syngnathus acus Linn.In order to control the quality effectively,we have performed a systematic investigation on the chemical constituents of the Syngnathus acus Linn, collected from the Lingshan Island of Qingdao Shandong province in February,2014,expecting to establish a corresponding method for the determination of chemical composition content. By using Sephadex LH-20. TLC. ODS columm, silica columm, HPLC and etc, twenty compouds were isolated and purified from the Syngnathus acus Linn, extracted by the MeOH. Forteen compounds were identified on the basis of spectral methods (1HNMR,13CNMR, MS et al...). The compounds:3β-Hydroxycholest-5-en-7-one(1), cholest-5-ene-3β, 7a-diol(2). Cholest-5-ene-3β,7β-diol(3), Cholesterol(4), Hexadecanoic acid monoglyceride(5),2,2-oxybis(1,4-di-tert-butylbenzene)(6), Phenylacetate(7), 1-methylhydantoin(8), cyclo-(Ala-Pro)(9),2-piperidone(10), Uracil(11), Hypoxanthine(12), Thymine(13),2’-deoxythymidine(14).In combination with previous research,compounds(1), (2) and (3) can be used as marker components of Syngnathus acus Linn.Biological activities:Six pure compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicities against K562(chronic myelogenous leukemia cell lines of the original),Hela(human cervical carcinoma cells).A549,and HCT-116 cancer cell lines by SRB or the MTT method with doxorubicin for the positive control.The results show that the compound 2 and 3 showed strong cytotoxic activity.Through the systematic investigation on the chemical constituents and biological activities of the Syngnathus acus Linn, we get the Syngnathus acus Linn’major components as well as marker components, providing scientific basis for active ingredients research.