The Study On Clinical Characteristics Among 599 Cases Of Premature Birth

Objective:Through the analysis of the hospitalized preterm delivery cases clinical characteristics, understand the clinical features and epidemiological characteristics of preterm birth, discusses the causes of preterm birth the related risk factors of premature infant asphyxia and; To provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of premature birth, in order to reduce the occurrence of premature birth.Methods:To collect hospitalized preterm labor treated cases from 2007 to 2012, through the analysis of the clinical features, to understand the epidemiological characteristics of preterm birth, The software spss19.0 and chi-square test had been used to analysis the data, discusses the causes of preterm birth and the related risk factors of premature infant asphyxia; To provide a scientific basis for the prevention of premature, so as to reduce the occurrence of premature birth.Results:1、The data collection period is 6 years, from January, 2007 to December, 2012. The premature birth rate are 6.2%、 5.4%、 5.7%、 4.6%、4.5% and 3.9% respectively for 599 cases among 12637 parturient medical history. The lowest point 3.9% is in the year of 2012. As the time went by, premature rate of the hospital was in a downward tendency.2、In the data of 599 premature birth cases, the proportion of late stage is the highest one at 74.5%, then mid-term stage at 14.4%, early stage at 10.0% and extremely early stage at 1.2%. Therapeutic preterm birth rate is 65.4%, which is higher than the rate of non-treatment group(34.6%).3、The distribution features of maternal factors for the preterm group:(1) Pregnancy number than 3 times of accounted for 46.6%, significantly higher than the 1 and 2 of the pregnant times;(2) 65% of premature women have a abortion history, among them, 2% is drug abortion, 3.5% is spontaneous abortion, 8.2% is mixed abortion, and 51.9% is surgical abortion.(3) Age: in 2012, less than 18 years old and more than 40 years old group of preterm birth rate was 12.5%(2/16), compared with other age group(average 3.8%) is higher.(4) Between the year 2007 and 2012, the ratio of top three pregnancy complications are Diabetes mellitus(15.0%), Anemia(9.7%) and hepatitis b viral hepatitis(6.0%).(5) The top three higher rate of pregnancy complications are PROM(42.4%), ICP(16.7%) and Placenta previa(9.7%).4、The distribution features of preterm group for infants,(1) Among the patients of premature birth, the proportion of should presentation is 2.0%, breech presentation is 9.0%;(2) Polyhydramnios is 1.3%, oligohydramnion is 5.1%;(3) The average rate with weight lower than 2.5 kg for infants is 43% in my study;(4) Multiple pregnancies occupied 10.0%, the normal rate for umbilical cord around the neck is 25.9%;(5) The grade for babies born in the so called “late preterm period” is around 91.7%, which is higher than those born earlier. The rate for premature birth in early stage is 82.6%, and 60.6% is in extremely early stage, no any death record.5、The days of hospital stay and cost in hospital for premature women is longer and greater than those of non-premature birth group, they will take more mental stress, physical pain and economic pressure etc.6、Premature birth is the synactic result of multiple factors, according to the result,the related dangerous factors for premature choking are gestational weeks, pregnancy complications, Intrauterine distress and birth weight.Conclusion:The premature birth rate was in a downward tendency from 2007 to 2012, in which therapeutic preterm birth occupied a higher ratio. It needs to take some measures to protect and control as the possibility for pregnancy complication subsequently was grown up. Some distribution features might be the dangerous factors for premature birth. Maternal factor include abortion history of the age group of less than 18 and the group of greater than 40, Gestational Diabetes Mellitus(GDM), Anemia, Hepatitis B(6.0%), Premature rupture of membranes, Gestational bile deposition disease, and placenta previa. The infant factors include breech presentation or shoulder presentation, Abnormal amniotic fluid volume, multiple pregnancies, and Umbilical cord around neck.