Expression And Clinical Significance Of Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor And VEGF In Gastric Carcinoma

Background: Gastric cancer(GC)is the most common malignant tumor in the digestive system,ranking first of all the malignant tumors in the digestive system. GC mainly originate from gastric epithelial malignant tumors and gastric adenocarcinomas account for 95% in histology. Nowdays, the incidence of gastric cancer is still increasing in spite of the improvement of people’s living standards,. In China,approximately 20,000 patients with gastric cancer occur each year.Epidemiological studies have found the incidence of stomach cancer has obvious regional differences.In North America, Western Europe, Australia and New Zealand, the incidence is low,but in Japan, China, Chile, Ireland and Russia, the incidence is high.In the northwest and southeast coastal areas, the incidence was significantly higher than in the south.East of Henan Province,located in the transition region of Henan and Anhui,is one of the areas of high incidence of gastrointestinal cancer and the incidence of stomach cancer is second only to esophageal cancer. Currently the diagnosis of early gastric cancer is mainly dependent on the gastric endoscopy plus biopsy.The endoscopy and histology have become the gold standard for diagnosis of gastric cancer.However, the high economic costs and poor patient compliance of the endoscopy hinder the promotion and application of the technology.And gastric serological markers, such as serum carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA), CA-199, CA50, CA125 and so on,increase in patients with gastric cancer,but their sensitivity and specificity are not high and especially for the early diagnosis of gastric cancer the clinical value is limited.Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF)not only has a pro-inflammatory effect,but also can promote angiogenesis to facilitate tumor formation.MIF is closely related to the occurrence and development of a variety of tumors.For example,in breast cancers, prostate cancers, colon cancers, lung cancers, liver cancers, stomach cancer and so on,MIF is highly expressed and in paracancer tissues with no or low expression.The expression level of MIF is closely related with the lifetime of a variety of cancers,suggesting that MIF may be associated with tumor invasion and metastasis.Vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF) is a growth factor which has a specific effect on vascular endothelial cells.It is high expressed in various tumor tissues and it promotes angiogenesis mainly by promoting endothelial celldivision,thus enhancing the function of vascular permeability.However,the study of the expression and clinical significance of MIF and VEGF in gastric cancers is currently rarely reported.Objective: By detecting MIF and VEGF in the the correlation, gastric carcinoma and adjacent tissues and analysis, it is crucial for us to explore the clinical significance of MIF and VEGF expression in gastric cancer and their relationship with the prognosis in order to find the severity of gastric cancer, prognosis prediction and target gene treatment of molecular.The present study was designed to study the expression and clinical significance of MIF and VEGF in gastric cancer tissues in the east of Henan Province, to explore the possibility as molecular markers in the formation and evolvtion of gastric cancer and to provide a new theoretical basis for MIF and VEGF as factors of gastric cancer early diagnosis, treatment and prognosis assessment.Methods: 89 cases of gastric cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of operation resection from the year 2008 to 2013 in Huaihe Hospital of Henan University were selected and 4 pairs of fresh specimens of gastric cancer tissues and adjacent tissues of operation resection in 2013 were selected.Immunohistochemistry, western blot and PCR were used to analyse the expression characteristics of MIF and VEGF in gastric carcinomas and the correlation between the level of their expression and clinicopathological parameters of gastric cancers.Results: Immunohistochemistry showed that the expression of MIF and VEGF in gastric cancers was 88.8% and 50.6% respectively. Western blot showed that the expression levels of MIF and VEGF in gastric adenocarcinomas were significantly higher than in adjacent tissues. PCR showed that the m RNA expression levels of MIF and VEGF in tumor tissues were significantly higher than in the adjacent tissues.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). There was no significant difference for the expression levels of MIF and VEGF in different age groups and gender groups.But there was significant difference about the gastric tissue differentiation and TNM clinical stage(P<0.05).Conclusion: The expression levels of MIF and VEGF in gastric adenocarcinomas were significantly higher than in adjacent tissues. The joint detection of MIF and VEGF may be one of the molecular markers for thedevelopment and prognosis of gastric cancers. They may be involved in the malignant progression of gastric cancer.