| People stay indoors most of the time, so living environment and residents daily life are closely related. To create a good living environment is not only to improve the quality of life, but also to improve the physical and mental health of the residents. This topic belongs to China’s "twelfth five-year plan" science and technology support plan project, that is "A study on health characterization parameter and evaluation method of the indoor environment", including investigation focuses on living environment associated health and building the evaluation model of health impact, etc. Literatures about health residential evaluation method and correlation factors on indoor health environment were summarized, and the main research thinking and problems were identified. In this paper, three methods such as questionnaire> theoretical research and household measurement survey were adopted. Important research as follows, questionnaire design and implementation method, investigation, data statistics method, the evaluation model of the health effects associated impact and subjective healthy feeling to confirm the physical environment. The main research contents and conclusions are as follows:First, based on the literature review and combing with China’s national conditions,"China’s urban and rural residents living environment associated health effects questionnaire" has been carried out, including effective survey family distribution of27provinces,728households across the country. Survey content includes building and its surrounding environment, residents living habits, indoor environment, family health especially children health status, which involves82survey questions. The results of the survey to improve living environment associated health factors more concise provides basic data support. At the same time, we conducted a survey method of research about the living environment of associated health effects questionnaire. This study focus on the design of the whole questionnaire, the questionnaire validity and reliability. This study provides a theoretical basis in order to further improve the reliability of the questionnaire survey. Through statistical analysis of survey data, this study gained frequency distribution difference of different factor by means of comparing healthy population is respectively with SBS in the crowd and respiratory disease symptoms crowd, which established healthy living environment negative factors. This study get the health hazard factors in living environment especially for children’s health through the living environment and the health of the Logistic regression analysis.Secondly, for the research purpose of establishing a model associated with health effect, a field of questionnaire surveys has been carried out, about satisfaction and importance degree on urban and rural residents’ living environment. Taking many families of five hundred students as a research object in one middle school in Dalian, especially focusing on the investigations of the outdoor environment, travel mode of transportation, living services and medical facilities, healthy risk, physical and mental healthy behaviors of residential occupants under different functions from the three aspects of geographical environment, residential function rooms, and health status. Based on the results of satisfaction questionnaires, quarter figure model with satisfaction-importance has been established. Combining with the advantages ratio analysis, the current factors influencing on the human health including community health facilities, acoustic environment, sports facilities, security, intensity degree and household communications need to be improved and paid more attentions.Thirdly, establish evaluation factors of the living environment health assessment model and build covariance equation model (SEM) of living environment associated health effects by sorting all of influential factors of the living environment. The result calculated by the model shows that the weight of indoor environment impacting on the healthy body is0.443, and weight of effecting on mental health is0.224; Community environment has a greater influence on the indoor environment, and the correlation between them is0.87, and the weight that community environment influences on the healthy body is0.567, and the community environment has a greater influence on the mental health that the weight is0.776, and the effect of the outdoor air quality and green space is more obvious among the factors.Finally, living environment field study of ten families in Shenyang city has been carried out. Comparative analysis of the measured parameters and the subjective feeling of occupants show that, the values of occupants expectations and satisfaction of thermal, humidity, light and acoustic environment are broader than the specified values. Meanwhile, comparative analysis of the field study parameters, life style and live environmental find that, temperature and humidity fluctuations are affected by building ventilation, outdoor temperature and humidity changes, building orientation, area and residential staff activities. Cooking and shower affect relative humidity of kitchen and bathroom. The window area and curtains affect indoor natural light illumination. CO2concentration is influenced by room ventilation condition. |
