The Predictors Of Self-management Behavior In Patients With Hypertension Based On Health Ecological Model

Objectives:To investigate the present situation of management behavior among patients with hypertension. To analize the influential factors associated with self-management behavior based on health ecological model.Methods:A total of297patients was recruited by convenient sampling in two second class general hospitals from November2013to May2014in Zouping County. We used Illness-cognitive questionnaire, Self-efficacy Scale, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Social Support Rating Scale, and Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care to assess the patients. Statistical analysis was implemented using SPSS13.0. Descriptive analysis, t test, analysis of variance, pearson correlation analysis and multivariate stepwise regression were used to identify the predictors of self-management behavior.Results:1.The average score of Hypertension Patients Self-Management Behavior Rang Scale was65.50±13.27. The average scores of dimensions from the highest to the lowest were medication management, mood management, diet management, rest and work management, exercise management and disease detection.2.The average score of Self-efficacy Scale was6.69±1.86. 3.35.01%of the patients were possibly or certainly suffering from anxiety,40.02%of the patients were possibly or certainly suffering from depression.4.The average score of Social Support Rating Scale was43.06±7.64,41.75%of the patients were at a high level,57.91%of the patients were at a medium level.5.The average score of the Patient Assessment of Chronic Illness Care was3.26±0.84.6.The average score of Illness-cognitive questionnaire was52.62±10.04. The index score was67.66, which was at a low-to-medium level.8.The preditors of the self-management of patients with hypertension were age, anxiety, occupation, social support, duration of disease, payment types of medical expenses, self-efficacy and management status of chronic disease.Conclusions:1.The self-management behavior of patients with hypertension in zouping county is at a moderate level, of which the best is medication management,and disease detection is the worst.2.Based on health ecological model, most of the factors associated with self-management of patients with hypertension belongs to the upstream.3.The health ecological model can explain the influencing factors of self management behavior associated with hypertension.