| BACKGROUNDAIDS (Acquired of Immune Deficiency Syndrome) is a fatal and chronic infectious disease caused by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The current lack of effective treatments, high mortality rates and the rapid spread of the diseases seriously affect China’s economic development. Strengthen the management of AIDS prevention in China and the worldwide are public health problems and social problems. Since the first AIDS case was in China in1985, as of the end of2011, it is estimated that the national survival of HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients is about780000people, the whole population infection rate of0.058%; the prevalence and spread of AIDS in China, has gradually AIDS surveillance systems, including case reporting system and sentinel surveillance system. The Chinese HIV sentinel surveillance system was established in1995as the complement of the routine monitoring system.In Changping District, AIDS routine monitoring began in1999. The cases were reported mainly through the clinical tests of the various medical institutions. the reported lack of initiative, The HIV sentinel surveillance system was established in2005.The system covers information on female sex workers, drug users, STD clinic and young students. The data are collected, including monitoring population demographic characteristics, the characteristics of high-risk behavior and serological monitoring results.However, these data have not been analyzed systematically. The results will guide and help the monitoring work on HIV prevention and control.OBJECTIVESTo understand the epidemiological characteristics, high risk behaviors in the various types of monitoring population, trends and influencing factors of AIDS a scientific basis for the development of AIDS prevention strategies in Changping District.METHODSThe data of basic demographic characteristics, high risk behaviors and routes of infection among338HIV-infected persons and AIDS patients were collected and analyzed descriptively.Comprehensive analyses on demographic data, AIDS knowledge, high-risk behavior characteristics and the serological monitoring of the results among female sex workers, drug addicts, STD clinic, youth and students from2005to2011. Data entry and establishment of a database by EpiData3.0, then use SPSS19.0for statistical analyses.RESULTSAnalyses on the AIDS epidemic statusAmong338cases,266cases were HIV-positive,72cases become AIDS patients,10patients died. Males and females incidence ratio of7.05:1,20-to49-year-old population incidence for93.20%:the cases of household registration in other provinces and cities accounted for81.95%; occupational domestic housework and unemployed accounting for31.36%; the total number of infected through sexual transmission accounting for83.14%of the total infection, including homosexual contact infections accounted for53.85%, blood-borne accounted for12.72%and0.59%for mother to child infection; The rate of infection through sexual transmission accounted for58.82%(10/17) before2004and accounted for84.42%(271/321) from2005to2011(X2=5.83, p<0.05).2011male homosexual transmission of AIDS special investigation shows that AIDS infection rate through male sexual contacts was9.52%(18/189).2. Behavior characteristics of population of AIDS sentinel surveillance Female sex workers(1) the demographic characteristicsFemale sex workers, average age28years old, the proportion of married and40age group is increasing year by year after2010, the education level increased significantly; males drug users shows higher proportion(85.33%). After2009, the proportion of household registration for other provinces increased; in the STD clinic, a married person become the highest percentage (66.08%), after2009the proportion of women increased significantly, and decreasing under the age of30, unmarried decreasing trend; unmarried young students is highest proportion (99.81%).(2) AIDS awareness of the monitoring populationThe rate of AIDS awareness various groups, young students is91.13%, the highest awareness, followed by the STD clinic89.67%and88.89%among drug users, female sex workers is the lowest awareness, only to86.93%; The rate difference of female sex workers’awareness about AIDS among different cultural levels is significant (X2=6.05, p<0.05), Knowledge about AIDS among different age groups and education level of addicts was no significant difference, but increase with both age and education level, awareness rising; Knowledge about AIDS is different with different ethnic groups (p<0.05), marital status (p<0.05), different household registration (p<0.05), different cultural levels (p<0.05), STD clinic clients; Young Students’Knowledge about AIDS is different, girls higher than boys(X2=9.38, p<0.05).3. HIV infection situationComparison of four population groups of HIV infection, HIV-positive rate of the drug addict population is far higher than the other three groups, the highest infection rate is found in2007and2008(4.92%), then declining year by year; HIV infection rates of the other three groups were low level, the young students are negative.4. Monitoring crowd behavior characteristicsFemale sex workers use condoms every time with the proportion from64.44%in2005to74.88%and80.82%in2007and2008, the rate of condom use at the last to provide sexual services by the chi-square trend test to get X2,rend=5.05, p<0.05, at different years the trend was statistically significant; the proportion of heroin and methamphetamine is different among drug users, heroin is decreasing and the methamphetamine is increasing year by year, decreasing injection drug use year by year, last sexual intercourse with a condom use is diffrerent (p<0.05) and there is a rising trend (X2trend=17.55,p<0.05); from the STD clinic attendees, nearly three months with non-marital sexual partners having sex in the proportion of no use condom decreased, injecting drug users were found in2009, in2010found that same-sex anal intercourse, in2011began having sex with commercial sex workers, the majority of STD clinic attendees diagnosed genital warts. Sexual intercourse with a lower proportion of young students.CONCLUSIONSHIV infection in young adults, most of them are from the provinces and cities outside the household population, infection has been a fundamental change to the sexual contact, including same-sex sexual contact and spread with the proportion increased year by year, indicate that through sexual infection in recent years increased; Prevalence of HIV infection among female sex workers, drug users, STD clinic attendees and young students is different, drug users is the highest HIV infection rates of the four population, and other infection rate is declining and stabilized; different groups of HIV infection risk behaviors is different, for drug-related high-risk behaviors such as drugs abused injecting drug use and condom use are the main influencing factors that female sex workers infected with HIV; the main behavior of non-marital sex might affect infection of high-risk STD clinic clients; sentinel surveillance can be more sensitive for the routine monitoring showed HIV infection rates change and control strategies and that is a powerful tool for HIV prevention and control. |
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