| ObjectiveTo explore Quality of life of the elderly residents in residential care facilities in Shanghai and the status quo and service capability of nuses and nursing assistants in the facilities so as to contribute to the development of residential care facilities.MethodsOur research compromises two main parts.Part 1:A cross-sectional study design was conducted in this part.9 residential care facilities and 515 elderly residents in these facilities were enrolled by non-probability sampling. Participants were interviewed by questionnaires including social demographic questionnaire, Barthel index of ADL, Perceived social support scale(PSSS), elderly residents’ perceived caring scale(EPCS), the patient empowerment scale(PES) and quality of life index-nursing home version. Also,168 nursing assistants and 42 nurses in these facilities were interviwed by caring ability questionnaire for nusing assistants and nursing capability questionnaire for nurses respectively. The data was analyzed by SPSS 16.0.Part 2:A qualitative study was conducted in the second part of our study.12 elderly residents were invited to take part in the personal in-depth interview about their real living experience in facilities and their defining of good residential life.Results1.Development of residential care facilitiesThe 9 residential care facilities in our research can be divided into 3 types, including governmental facilities, government-owned and society-run facilities and private facilites. These 9 facilites differs in their sizes and social envioronment.2.Nursing capability of nurses in residential care facilitiesThe average age of nurse in residential care facilites was 39.76+10.35 and 42 nurses interviewed were all female. However, the number of those who have a bachelor’s degree was only 4, accounting for 9.5% of them all and 6 out of 42 have got a senior vice title in profession.The total score of nursing capability questionnaire for nurses was 3.69±0.51 (ranged from 3-5)3.Caring ability of nursing assistants in residential care facilitiesThe age of the 168 nursing assistantas interviewed was 49.15±5.44, ranging from 3 to 5. They scored highest in medication management assistance, cleaning care and the familiarity of their service recipients, while scored lowest in activity caring, mental caring and danger management assistance.Linear multivariate regression analysis indicated that their love for their career, serving time and educational background were the mainly related factors of their caring abilities.4. Quality of life of elderly residentsElderly residents who participated in our research were aged 84.0±5.1, with 204 male residents and 311 female residents. The number of those who received grade one care and intensive care was 220, accounting for 42.7% of all. And the Barthel index scores were 85.4+14.8. Also,259 elderly residents have suffered from at least two chronic diseases.The 210 elderly participants never or rarely take part in residential social acitivities, accouting for 40.8% of all. And 71.8% of 515 elderly residents did not take initiative in social networking. Their perceived social support scale scores was 46.9+ 6.6.The score of EPCS was 72.53+10.45, from the highest score to the lowest of four dimensions were assistance, accompany, understanding and encouragement.The score of Quality of life Index was 18.17±1.95. And linear multivariate regression analysis indicated that social support, health self-evaluation, Barthel Index score, EPCS score, family visits, PES score, age and social networking were the maily related factors influencing Quality of life of the elderly residents.5. Real living experience in residential care facilitiesFour main themes emerged as:conflicts(including group living and rules of the facilities), anxiety(including selfe-evaluation, health status, loss of control and lack of caring), adaptation(including activie adapt and negative compromise) and comfort(including life guarantee, promotion in social networking and alleviation of their children’s burden).Conclusion1. The development of residential care facilities lags behind in regards to progression of population ageing and the developmental imbalance among different facilities has worsened.2. Residential care facilities tended to organize activities to enrich elderly residents’life, however, the elderly have not enjoyed residential acitivities to a satisfactory extent.3. The overall abilities and professional competence of the nursing team in residential care facilities were not competitive enough to meet higher level of demands from the elderly and have resulted in gap between care provided and care received.4. The quality of life of elderly residents was at a medium level and have been influenced by multiple-dimensional factors. |
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