Expression Of IL-37 In Placenta Of Patients With Severe Preeclampsia

Background and Objective Preeclampsia is an idiopathic disease during pregnancy and it is an important cause of maternal mortality and morbidity worldwide. The new hypertension and/or proteinuria are its main features, it can also occur the disfunction of other organs. Currently, the cause of preeclampsia is not clear, Studies have shown that the pathogenesis of preeclampsia has important relationship with the disorders of immune tolerance. Pregnancy itself is a natural phenomenon of the same kind of semi-allogeneic transplantation. The normal maintenance of pregnancy is closely related to local immune tolerance mechanisms of maternal-fetal interface. If the fetus’s carrying of allotypic antigens that come from the father cause maternal immune rejection, it could lead to preeclampsia and other pathological pregnancy. But the missing or disorders of immune tolerance caused by the mother’s reaction to the placenta that comes from father and by the fetal antigens is an important part of the etiology of preeclampsia. Severe Preeclampsia is one symptom of the Preeclampsia,it can induce the severe outcome of the pregnant. Studies have shown that interleukin-37 is a novel anti-inflammatory factor, because it can inhibit the expression of a variety of inflammatory factor and it can play a significant role in the anti-inflammatory and it has immunomodulatory effects. However, the role played by the interleukin-37 in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia is rarely reported at home and abroad. This study aims to discuss its relationship with the pathogenesis of severe preeclampsia by testing the expression of interleukin-37 in placenta tissues of patients with severe preeclampsia.Methods 30 cases of severe preeclampsia pregnant women were recruited, who gave birth to a baby in obstetrical department in Qilu Hospital of Shandong University during November 2012 to November 2013, to form severe preeclampsia group, while select 32 cases of normal pregnant women served as the control group. Specimen collection and processing:take three pieces of placenta tissue in the central part of the face of maternal placenta, where there was without calcification and the bleeding site within 5 minutes after delivery.After they were labeled,detected the expression of IL-37 of placental tissue by immunohistoehemical SP method,western blot and RT-PCR.Results1. IL-37 has been detected both in the severe preeclampsia group and in the control group and the expression site mainly focuses on the syncytiotrophoblast while a small amount of expression was in cytotrophoblast;2.The expression level of IL-37 protein and IL-37mRNA in the preeclampsia group was decreased significantly when compared to control group (both p<0.05).3.There was no significant correlation between the expression of IL-37mRNA and the delivery gestational weeks(r=0.209, p>0.05)in the preeclampsia group, neither did the healthy control group(r=-0.053, p>0.05). In the severe preeclampsia group, the pregnant women’s BMI has no significant correlation with IL-37mRNA expression of placenta tissues(r=0.102, p>0.05), neither did the healthy control group(r=-0.115, p>0.05).Conclusion1.IL-37 expression both in the placenta of severe preeclampsia and normal pregnancy group.2.The IL-37 expression in placentas of patients with severe preeclampsia is significantly lower than that of the control group, and it is correlated with the ocurrence of the disease.3. There was no significant correlation between the expression of IL-37mRNA and the delivery gestational weeks and BMI.