Analyze The Theory Of Ascending And Descending Of Middle Qi By Huang Yuanyu

Huang Yuan-yu, a renowned doctor in Qing dynasty, studied the Confucian classics when he was young. He was influenced by his ancestral Huang Fu and devoted himself to the official caerrer. Unfortunately he got eye disease in middle-age, so he had to study medicine. Due to his efforts, finally he became an outstangding physician. Huang Yuan-yu advocated the traditional classics such as Huangdi’s Classic on Medicine(Huang Di Nei Jing), Classic on Medical Problems(Nan Jing), Treatise on Febrile Disease(Shang Han Lun),Synopsis of Prescriptions of Golden Cabinet(Jin Kui Yao Lue). He studied carefully and wrote some experience. “The Sacred Heart of the original” is the representative one in his eleven medical books in his life. It reflects Huang Yuanyu’s academic experience. This book detailedly disscuss the pattern of physiology and pathology of human body which is constantly based on the ascending and descending of middle qi, and give a specified principle in giving prescriptions and herbs. Huang Yuanyu has full of knowledge and experience, the theory of ascending and descending of middle qi has great clinical significance in guiding clinic. In this article, we discuss the theory of ascending and descending of middle qi from the following aspects:1 Huang Yuanyu’s biographyHuang Yuanyu was born in a famous and illustrious official family. Huang Yuanyu was influenced by his family when he was young, and determined to be a good prime minister. However, he had to ending his official career to learn medicine when he had eye diseases in his thirties. Huang Yuanyu was so smart and hard working. He began to write and express his opinions after studying the “ four sain” classics and he completed eleven medical books and three departments of non medical books, which can be roughly divided into four types: Medical classics, Medical thought, Drug experience, Confucianism and Taoism.2 Analyze the theory of ascending and descending of middle qi by Huang YuanyuThe theory of ascending and descending of middle qi by Huang Yuanyu is different from others, it has the completely PMCM system which means principle-method-recipe-medicines system, and great clinical significance in guiding clinic. The theory of ascending and descending of middle qi is influenced by Confucian classics and based on the “four saint” classics, adhering to the correspondence between man and the universe, based by yin-yang and five elements. And it put forward running model of “middle earth mediate, earth pivot four-dimensional, qi circular harmony”. Otherwise the zang-fu organs, qi and blood, spirit are both came out from middle qi and kept normal running with the ascending and descending of middle qi, in order to achieve the physiology feature of both Yin and Yang in equilibrium.If zhong qi was insufficient, it will ascending and descending disorderly and all sorts of diseases could be resulted. It maybe characterized by dysfunction of the zang-fu organs, liver and spleen do not rose, stomach and lung do not drop, cold water in kidney, heart inflammation, qi and blood spirit in disorder, etc. Huang Yuan-yu pointed out that the reasons led to the deficiency of zhong qi are mainly about soil moisture, yang deficiency, cold water. Therefor, the therapeutic principles shoud be pay attention to the spleen-stomach and middle qi as well as focus on operating the middle qi there are some methods, such as cultivating earth and activating spleen, supporting yang and suppressing yin, and dredging water. Huang Yuanyu also founded some representative presciptions to replenishing spleen-stomach and operate foru-dimensional, such as, Huang ya soup, Qia qi soup, Po yu soup, Yu chi soup, etc. In the model of ascending and descending of middle qi theory, Huang yuan- yu constructed a new theory of drug property which was based on qi activities in viscera organs. He tried to explain the correlation between the viscera and Qi movement of each drug.3 Compared with other physician’s academic thinkingIn the history, Li Dong-yuan also pays attention to the middle earth just like Huang Yuanyu. The difference between Li Dong-yuan and Huang Yuanyu is, Li Dong-yuan attaching great importance to the ascending of spleen earth, and Huang Yuanyu attaching great importance to the balance of ascending and descending about spleen and stomach. Huang Yuanyu not only emphasis ascending and descending of middle qi but also pay attention to the yang qi of middle earth. Zheng Qinan who is the founder of “huo shen school” also emphasis yang qi. The distinction between two is Zheng Qin-an attaches great importance to the kidney Yang, he likes to use zingiber,cassia bark and aconite root drugs but Huang Yuan-yu attaches great importance to the spleen Yang, he is good at using ginseng, dried ginger, and so on.4 Inherited the theory of ascending and descending of middle qi by Huang YuanyuResearching the theory of ascending and descending of middle qi by Huang Yuanyu has great significance in guiding clinic. In modern times, there are two physicians inherit Huang yuanyu’s theory and develop it. One is Peng Ziyi, another is Ma Ruiting. Peng Ziyi’s “circular movement” theory discusses the mechanism of circular motion from six qi, yin and yang, five elements, the twenty-four solar terms and atmospheric movement, and also elucidate human physiological and pathological mechanism. Compared with Huang yuanyu’s theory, Peng Ziyi is more closely to current social environment. Ma Ruiting change “xia qi soup” which is founded by Huang Yuanyu, “xia qi soup” has the efficacy of descending lung and stomach on the right side,but Ma Ruiting turn it into both can descend lung- stomach and ascend liver-spleen on the left side, at the same time it also has the efficacy of adjusting spleen and stomach.This formula is the basic prescription for Ma Rui-ting to treat the internal injuries miscellaneous disease.