The Countermeasure Of Residual Stones After Single-channel Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

Objective: To investigate the cause and countermeasure of residualstones after single-channel percutaneous nephrolithotomy for higherstone-free rate and better operation result．Methods: All patients who underwent single-channel percutaneousnephrolithotomy in our hospital from June2011to December2013wereretrospected and the cause of residual stones were analyzed．Results: There were42patients who had residual stones after operationamong total262patients undergone single-channel PCNL.Twenty-onepatients had residual stones because the stones they burdened were toocomplex.Seven patients were concerned with complications such asintraoperative hemorrhage.The stone fragments scattered into the calices inseven patients with overlarge stone during fragmentation.The other causesconcerned with stone residue included anatomic structural abnomalities ofthe kidneys(3patients), operation itself inherent limitations(3patients),insufficient practice and experience in operation(1patients)．Conclusions: The main causes concerned with residual stones of single-channel PCNL are complexity of urinary calculi,bleeding,scatteringof stone fragments and anatomic structural abnomalities of thekidney.Perfect imageological diagnosis and reasonably well-optimizedoperation plan before operation,accurate and skilled surgicalprocedures,avoiding the occurrence of complication during operation arethe important means to reduce residual stones at the same time improve thestone-free rate．...