| Objective Select the case and control groups through the investigation of all train drivers in Kunming Railway Bureau. To find out the basic physical and mental health of train drivers in two groups and explore their mental and physical health factors. To propose the corresponding prevention and control measures and provide scientific reference for relevant departments of prevention and control of train drivers’physical and mental problems in order to reduce and control the risk factors of the train divers’physical and mental health, improve their life quality and guarantee the safe running of trains.Methods Case-control study of epidemiological survey methods were adopted in this study on the basis of the current state of research. Self-administered questionnaire, occupation health examination and interviews were used for collecting quantitative and qualitative data.110train driers in poor physical and mental health status were filtered out.as case group who should simultaneously meet the following requirements:SBP≥140mmHg, DBP≥90mmHg, SF-8score≤30.44, psychological score≤24.59, occupation check-up unqualified.110train driers in good physical and mental health status were chosed as control group according to the same age group(3years old) and the same locomotive depot by the1:1pairing who should simultaneously meet the following requirements:SBP≥140mmHg, DBP≥90mmHg, SF-8score>30.44, psychological score>24.59and occupation check-up qualified. The interviews were stratified interviews respectively for management, implementation, as well as some train drivers. Epidata and Excel were used for inputting data and imported the data into SPSS software for data analysis in the end.Results1. Comparison of two groups of train drivers’screening results:the average age of110train drivers in case group was (39.61±7.43) years old,110in control group was (39.52±8.15) years old. There was no statistically significant difference in the comparison of the average age of two groups by paired/test, t=-0.19(P=0.85); the age stratified groups of two groups had also no statistically significant difference by chi-square test, x2=1.10,(P=0.78). Two groups of train drivers were mainly from four locomotive depot, Kunming, Yiliang, Guangtong and Kaiyuan. The locomotive depot where two groups of train drivers posed no statistically significant difference by chi-square test, x2=0.00(p=1.00).2. Comparison of two groups of train drivers’individual risk factors:Using the logistic regression model for single factor analysis and found out the risk factors were marital status(OR=2.66), smoking(OR,=2.45,OR2=4.07), drinking(OR1=1.99,OR2=3.57), high fat diet(OR2=2.63), high salt diet(OR2=4.47), life pressure(OR2=37.28, OR3143.00); protective factors were education level(OR1=0.26,OR2=0.20), physical exercise(OR1=0.27,OR2=0.10).3. Comparison of two groups of train drivers’operation condition:Using the logistic regression model for single factor analysis and found out that all the5operation condition factors wer risk factors of train drivers’physical and mental health, which were service length (OR1=4.22,OR2=2.98), working time (OR1=3.97,OR2=11.61), the shift (OR1=3.13,OR2=4.13), title(OR1=3.15,OR2=3.81), type of woke(OR=3.13).4. Comparison of two groups of train drivers’occupation risk factors:Using the logistic regression model for single factor analysis and found out the risk factors were occupation burnout(OR1=27.14), personal protection(OR2=5.74), hygiene(OR1=2.97, OR2=7.29,OR3=4.49), negative attitude(OR,=6.55,OR2=11.82,OR3=43.17), external pay(OR2=14.26,OR3=69.00), effort and reward ratio(OR2=13.29), work family conflict(OR1=8.74,OR2=51.06,OR3=217.00), job satisfaction(OR2=17.09, OR3=43.79), adapt to the physical requirements(OR1=5.97,OR2=30.10), meet the requirements of the self-mental(OR1=4.07,OR2=13.57), work pressure(OR2=14.04, OR3=54.72), turn over intention(OR1=8.11,OR2=6.49,OR3=26.28); the protective factors included safety operation(OR2=0.10,OR3=0.10), the support attitude to safety policy(OR1=0.04,OR2=0.09), the support attitude to management(OR1=0.10, OR2=0.10), optimistic attitude(OR1=0.19,OR2=0.08,OR3=0.04), internal investment (OR2=0.29,OR3=0.43), return(OR1=0.02,OR2=0.13).5. Principal component analysis about the factors of train drivers’physical and mental health:The first principal component was mainly influenced by the factors of occupation burnout, work family conflict and so on which reflected the occupational risk factors; The second principal component reflected the operation condition?; The third principal component reflected the situation of safe operation; The fourth principal component reflected the situation of the behavior for the life; The fifth principal component reflected the safe attitude.Conclusions Train drivers in Kunming railway locomotive depot are suffered different aspects and levels of physical and mental health problems which are affected by individual factors, occupation factors and operation conditions. Among them occupational risk factors and operation conditions are the main harmful factors for the physical and mental health of special occupation, whose harm to the train drivers is stronger than the individual factors.Suggestions Train drivers’physical and mental healths are protected by tertiary prevention measures. Occupational risk factors for preventions are given priority to the primary prevention. Strengthening the propaganda and education, health examination. Suggesting related departments attach great importance to health care and establish health files. Operation conditions are given priority to the safe operation and protection, and suggest that relevant departments improve the working environment and adjust the labor organization arrangement etc. Adjusting the work schedule appropriately according to operation conditions. Individual risk factors are given priority to optimize life behavior like giving up smoking and drinking, taking adequate exercise, self-regulation and avoiding the impact of negative emotions. |
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